Joshua 12:1-6 · Bible study

Joshua 12:1-6 Commentary: Catalogue of Conquered Kings

Hebrew · 11 what the commentators say

Meaning in one sentence

Why does the Bible catalogue conquered kings? Joshua 12:1-6 shows God's faithfulness in fulfilling His covenant promise to give Israel the land east of Jordan.

Research Summary

Meaning: A summary of the two Transjordanian kings, Sihon and Og, whose land Israel conquered under Moses and assigned to Reuben, Gad and half-Manasseh.
Key words: Struck (H5221, נָכָה), defeated in battle; took possession (H3423, יָרַשׁ), inherited as a gift; servant of Yahweh (H5650/H3068), Moses' title of honour.
Main debate: Whether the list is a complete register of every king east of Jordan or a representative summary; commentators agree it is a formal record, not exhaustive in the way west-bank lists are.
Theological theme: God's covenant faithfulness, He gives the land as promised, down to the exact rivers and mountain ranges, across the transition from Moses to Joshua.
Best use: As a bridge passage showing that God's work in one generation completes the foundation for the next; useful for teaching about remembrance and inheritance.

Translation Comparison

BSB Berean Standard Bible 2020

¹Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites struck down and whose lands they took beyond the Jordan to the east, from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the Arabah eastward:

²Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead,

³as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah.

⁴And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.

⁵He ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead to the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

⁶Moses, the servant of the LORD, and the Israelites had struck them down and given their land as an inheritance to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

WEB World English Bible 2000

¹Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel struck, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:

²Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon;

³and the Arabah to the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth Jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:

⁴and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

⁵and ruled in Mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, to the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

⁶Moses the servant of Yahweh and the children of Israel struck them. Moses the servant of Yahweh gave it for a possession to the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

KJV King James Version 1769

¹Now these are the kings of the land, which the children of Israel smote, and possessed their land on the other side Jordan toward the rising of the sun, from the river Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the plain on the east:

²Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon;

³And from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east, and unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Beth–jeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdoth–pisgah:

⁴And the coast of Og king of Bashan, which was of the remnant of the giants, that dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

⁵And reigned in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

⁶Them did Moses the servant of the Lord and the children of Israel smite: and Moses the servant of the Lord gave it for a possession unto the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh.

ASV American Standard Version 1901

¹Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel smote, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrising, from the valley of the Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:

²Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon;

³and the Arabah unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:

⁴and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

⁵and ruled in mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

⁶Moses the servant of Jehovah and the children of Israel smote them: and Moses the servant of Jehovah gave it for a possession unto the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

YLT Young's Literal Translation 1898

¹And these are kings of the land whom the sons of Israel have smitten, and possess their land, beyond the Jordan, at the sun-rising, from the brook Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the plain eastward.

²Sihon, king of the Amorite, who is dwelling in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer which is on the border of the brook Arnon, and the middle of the brook, and half of Gilead, and unto Jabok the brook, the border of the Bene-Ammon;

³And the plain unto the sea of Chinneroth eastward, and unto the sea of the plain (the salt sea) eastward, the way to Beth-Jeshimoth, and from the south under the springs of Pisgah.

⁴And the border of Og king of Bashan (of the remnant of the Rephaim), who is dwelling in Ashtaroth and in Edrei,

⁵and ruling in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurite, and the Maachathite, and the half of Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

⁶Moses, servant of Jehovah, and the sons of Israel have smitten them, and Moses, servant of Jehovah, giveth it--a possession to the Reubenite, and to the Gadite, and to the half of the tribe of Manasseh.

Darby Darby Bible 1890

¹And these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel smote, and of whose land they took possession across the Jordan, toward the sun-rising, from the river Arnon to mount Hermon, and all the plain on the east:

²Sihon the king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon, [and] ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the ravine, and over half Gilead, as far as the river Jabbok, [which is] the border of the children of Ammon;

³and the plain as far as the sea of Chinneroth on the east, and as far as the sea of the plain, the salt sea, on the east, toward Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah;

⁴and the territory of Og the king of Bashan, of the residue of the giants, who dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

⁵and ruled over mount Hermon, and over Salcah, and over all Bashan, as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and [over] half Gilead [as far as] the border of Sihon the king of Heshbon.

⁶Moses the servant of Jehovah and the children of Israel smote them, and Moses the servant of Jehovah gave it for a possession to the Reubenites, and to the Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manasseh.

Douay-Rheims Douay-Rheims Bible 1899

¹These are the kings, whom the children of Israel slew and possessed their land beyond the Jordan towards the rising of the sun, from the torrent Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the east country that looketh towards the wilderness.

²Sehon king of the Amorrhites, who dwelt in Hesebon, and had dominion from Aroer, which is seated upon the bank of the torrent Arnon, and of the middle part in the valley, and of half Galaad, as far as the torrent Jaboc, which is the border of the children of Ammon.

³And from the wilderness, to the sea of Ceneroth towards the east, and to the sea of the wilderness, which is the most salt sea, on the east side by the way that leadeth to Bethsimoth: and on the south side that lieth under Asedoth, Phasga.

⁴The border of Og the king of Basan, of the remnant of the Raphaims who dwelt in Astaroth, and in Edrai, and had dominion in mount Hermon, and in Salecha, and in all Basan, unto the borders

⁵Of Gessuri and Machati, and of half Galaad: the borders of Sehon the king of Hesebon.

⁶Moses the servant of the Lord, and the children of Israel slew them, and Moses delivered their land in possession to the Rubenites, and Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasses.

Verse in Context

1 Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel struck, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:

2 Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon;

3 and the Arabah to the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth Jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:

4 and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

5 and ruled in Mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, to the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

6 Moses the servant of Yahweh and the children of Israel struck them. Moses the servant of Yahweh gave it for a possession to the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel struck beyond the Jordan westward, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon even to Mount Halak, that goes up to Seir. Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions;

8 in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

Original Language (Biblical Hebrew)

Old Testament · Biblical Hebrew · Joshua 12:1

וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה\׀ ve./'E.leh H0428 and/ these

מַלְכֵ֣י mal.Khei H4428 [are] [the] kings of

הָ/אָ֗רֶץ ha./'A.retz H0776 the/ land

אֲשֶׁ֨ר 'a.Sher H0834 whom

הִכּ֤וּ hi.Ku H5221 they defeated

בְנֵֽי\־ ve.nei- H1121 [the] people of

יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Yis.ra.'El H3478 Israel

וַ/יִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ va/i.yir.Shu H3423 and/ they took possession of

אֶת\־ 'et- H0853 <obj.>

אַרְצָ֔/ם 'ar.Tza/m H0776 land/ their

בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר be./'E.ver H5676 on/ [the] other side of

הַ/יַּרְדֵּ֖ן hai./yar.Den H3383 the/ Jordan

מִזְרְחָ֣/ה miz.re.Cha/h H4217 [the] rising of/ towards

הַ/שָּׁ֑מֶשׁ ha./Sha.mesh H8121 the/ sun

מִ/נַּ֤חַל mi./Na.chal H5158 from/ [the] wadi of

אַרְנוֹן֙ 'ar.nOn H0769 Arnon

עַד\־ 'ad- H5704 to

הַ֣ר har H2022 [the] mountain of

חֶרְמ֔וֹן cher.Mon H2768 Hermon

וְ/כָל\־ ve./khol H3605 and/ all

הָ/עֲרָבָ֖ה ha./'a.ra.Vah H6160 the/ Arabah

מִזְרָֽחָ/ה\׃ miz.Ra.cha/h H4217 east/ -ward

Source: STEPBible TAGNT/TEHB (CC-BY 4.0). Click or tap a morphology code to see the full parsing.

Scholars' Consensus

Commentators across traditions agree that Joshua 12:1-6 serves as an official summary of Israel's victories east of the Jordan under Moses, a living picture of God's goodness, as Calvin describes it. Keil and Delitzsch note that the passage lists the kings Israel smote and the land they took, from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon. Matthew Henry observes that the chapter deliberately recalls former mercies under Moses before recounting Joshua's new conquests, so that the glory of one does not eclipse the other. The detailed boundaries, Arnon to Hermon, Arabah to the Salt Sea, emphasize the scope of God's gift. The repeated title "Moses the servant of Yahweh" (v.6) grounds the victory in divine agency. No commentator treats these verses as a mere genealogical aside; all read them as a deliberate testimony that God kept His covenant to give Abraham's descendants this land.

How settled is the interpretation?

Interpretive difficulty: Low

What is clear: God gave Israel victory over Sihon and Og and allotted their land to the tribes east of Jordan.

What Scholars Agree and Debate

Topic	Agreed	Debated
Purpose of the catalogue	Christians across traditions agree that the list testifies to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promise to give Israel the land east of the Jordan.	Some view it as a complete legal register of conquered territory (Keil & Delitzsch), while others see it as a representative summary meant to honour Moses' generation before detailing Joshua's victories (Matthew Henry).
Extent of the land	All agree the boundaries run from the Arnon to Mount Hermon and include the Arabah eastward.	The precise location of some place names, such as Beth-jeshimoth and the 'slopes of Pisgah', is debated among geographers, but these do not affect the theological claim that God gave defined territory.
Moses as 'the servant of Yahweh'	The repeated title underscores that the victory came through God's appointed leader and was a divine act, not human achievement.	No significant debate; the phrase is universally read as a mark of honour and submission to God's authority.
The role of the Rephaim reference	Og is described as 'of the remnant of the Rephaim' to connect him with the ancient giant peoples of Canaan.	Christians interpret the Rephaim differently: some read them as literal giant clans (Gill, based on Deuteronomy 3:11), while others see the term as a conventional description for a powerful, pre-Israelite population without insisting on extraordinary stature.

Historical & Cultural Context

These verses sit at a turning point in Joshua. Chapters 1-11 described the military campaigns in Canaan under Joshua's leadership. Chapter 12 pauses to catalogue all the kings Israel defeated, first in Transjordan under Moses (vv.1-6), then in Canaan under Joshua (vv.7-24). The land east of the Jordan had been conquered about forty years earlier, when Israel defeated Sihon king of the Amorites and Og king of Bashan (Numbers 21). The boundaries listed are precise: from the Arnon River in the south to Mount Hermon in the north, the Jabbok River forming part of the border with Ammon, the Sea of Chinneroth (Galilee) and the Salt Sea (Dead Sea) as western markers, and the Arabah, the Jordan Valley rift. This territory was later assigned to the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh (Numbers 32; Joshua 13:8-13). The mention of the Geshurites and Maacathites (v.5) recalls that some peoples remained unconquered (Joshua 13:13), a sober reminder that the land was given but not yet fully possessed. Og is noted as "of the remnant of the Rephaim" (v.4), a term for ancient giants, echoing Deuteronomy 3:11 where his iron bedstead is described. The geographical details reflect a scribal tradition that valued precise boundaries, likely recorded as part of the official land registry for the tribes.

Textual Notes

The consulted sources note no significant textual variants for Joshua 12:1-6. The lists of place names show minor spelling differences across manuscripts, for example, "Chinneroth" (WEB, KJV) versus "Chinnereth" (BSB), but these reflect standard orthographic variation and do not affect the meaning or the boundaries described.

Reception History

This passage has been read throughout church history as a formal record of God's faithfulness. Early Jewish tradition treated it as part of the official land archive, and Christian commentators from the Reformation onward, Calvin, Matthew Henry, Gill, saw it as evidence that God keeps covenant promises with precision. Calvin called it a "living picture" of divine goodness, and Matthew Henry used it to teach that fresh mercies must not cause believers to forget former ones. Modern readers often turn to this chapter when studying biblical geography or the transition from Moses to Joshua. The catalogue is less frequently preached than narrative portions, but when it is, it serves as a reminder that God cares about the concrete details of His people's inheritance.

Preaching This Verse

Three-point outline

God keeps detailed records of His faithfulness. This catalogue is not dry history; it is a ledger of promises kept. Every river, mountain and town named proves that God did not forget a single inch of what He swore to Abraham.
Moses' work and Joshua's work both come from the same God. The chapter deliberately bridges two generations. Fresh victories do not erase past ones. God works through different leaders across time, and His people must remember the whole story.
The land was a gift received through battle. Israel struck and took possession (v.1). Grace and effort go together. God gave the land, but Israel had to fight for it. The catalogue honours both the Giver and those who fought.

Five-point outline

Introduction: Why a list of names matters
The historical context: Sihon, Og, and the land east of Jordan
The geography of promise: from Arnon to Hermon
The two generations: Moses and Joshua, one mission
Application: What it means to inherit what God has promised

Illustration hooks

A family photo album after a long journey. Each picture records a step. Joshua 12 is Israel's photo album of how God carried them into the land.
A deed to a house after years of saving. The legal description, lot numbers, boundary lines, looks dry, but it represents the fulfilment of a dream. The boundaries in this chapter are God's deed to His people.
A retirement speech honouring the previous generation. Before Joshua takes full credit, the chapter stops to say: Moses started this. Honouring those who came before matters.

Questions your congregation is asking

Why does the Bible spend time on a list of old kings and territories we cannot find on a map today?
If God gave Israel the land, why did they still have to fight for it? Does that mean faith requires action?
How do I know that God is keeping His promises to me when the evidence is not yet fully seen?

Leading a Discussion

Joshua 12 looks back before it moves forward. Before the land west of the Jordan is divided among the tribes, the Bible records what was already conquered, and who conquered it. This passage is a memory exercise for a people about to receive more. As you work through these questions, pay attention to what the Bible chooses to remember and why.

Discussion questions

Read Joshua 12:1-6 in your translation. What details stand out to you? Why do you think the writer gives such specific geographical boundaries?
The passage mentions two generations: Moses and Joshua. Why is it important that the Bible does not skip over Moses' victories when Joshua is the main character now?
Look at verse 6. The phrase "Moses the servant of Yahweh" appears twice. What does that repetition tell you about how Moses is remembered?
Numbers 21 and Deuteronomy 2-3 contain the fuller story of these battles. How do those earlier accounts shape your understanding of what you read here?
The Geshurites and Maacathites are mentioned (v.5) but not conquered (Joshua 13:13). What does it mean that the land was "given" yet still contained enemies?
God's promise to Abraham included specific land (Genesis 15:18-21). How does this catalogue demonstrate that God keeps His word down to the last boundary?
In what areas of your life do you need to remember past faithfulness before you can move forward into new territory?

What the Commentators Say

11 public-domain commentaries, condensed into plain language.

Adam Clarke's Commentary Methodist/Wesleyan 1826

Clarke carefully maps the boundaries of the conquered lands east of the Jordan, clarifying that the kingdom of Sihon stretched from the Arnon River to the Jabbok, and that "half Gilead" refers to half of the mountain range east of that kingdom. He also notes disagreement over whether the "Salt Sea" is the Dead Sea or a different body of water.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible Protestant 1832

Barnes clarifies that the "plain" in this passage refers to the land "over" the Jordan valley, not to a boundary of Sihon's kingdom but to territory included within it. He also explains that "from the middle of the river" points to a specific city, Ar Moab, situated in the midst of the riverbed.

Calvin's Commentaries Reformed 1564

Calvin sees the long list of conquered kings as a living picture of God's faithfulness: a visible, detailed proof that the covenant with Abraham was fully kept. He also points out that Joshua's success at eighty years old, with undiminished strength and constant victory, could only come from supernatural power.

Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges Anglican 1880

This commentary presents the chapter as an official public record that catalogues the full territory conquered east of the Jordan by naming specific cities and rulers previously covered only in general statements. It notes that the geographical details, such as the precise location of Mount Hermon and the Arnon River, serve to confirm the historical scope of the conquests under Moses and Joshua.

Geneva Bible Notes Reformed 1599

The Geneva notes emphasize that Moses, called "the servant of the Lord" twice, led Israel in conquering these kings and distributing the land east of the Jordan. They highlight Og of Bashan as a remnant of the giants, underscoring God's power over formidable enemies through His appointed leader.

Gill's Exposition of the Bible Baptist 1748

Gill clarifies that the Hebrew text reads "and half Gilead" rather than "from half Gilead," correcting a common misreading. He notes this half belonged to Og's kingdom while the other belonged to Sihon, and both were conquered by Moses and given to Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Protestant 1871

JFB notes that this chapter is a recapitulation of the conquests on both sides of the Jordan, adding some places not mentioned earlier in the sacred history. The boundaries of the land taken east of the river are given from the Arnon to Mount Hermon.

Keil & Delitzsch OT Commentary Protestant 1876

Keil-Delitzsch clarifies the precise boundaries of the land Israel took east of the Jordan, naming specific towns and landmarks from the Arnon valley to Mount Hermon. They identify each location with its modern equivalent and cross-reference parallel biblical passages to establish the exact territorial limits of Sihon and Og's defeated kingdoms.

Lange's Commentary Reformed 1857

Lange treats this chapter as a formal summary catalogue, dividing the conquered kings under Moses and Joshua into those east and west of the Jordan. He notes they are listed roughly in the order of conquest, giving a structured record of the territory God gave Israel.

Matthew Henry's Commentary Reformed/Presbyterian 1710

Henry urges that the listing of Moses-era conquests at this point is deliberate: new mercies under Joshua must not erase the memory of earlier ones. God worked through both leaders equally, and together their victories display him as the beginning and end of Israel's deliverance.

Wesley's Explanatory Notes Methodist/Wesleyan 1754

Wesley clarifies that "middle of the river" in Sihon's border refers to the city Ar lying in the middle of the Arnon, not a general river division. He then notes that Og had two capital cities, yet Israel made one grave serve him who could not be content with one palace. Fresh mercies should not drown the remembrance of former mercies or the honor due to earlier servants like Moses.

Word Study

The key original-language words in this verse. Select any word for its full lexicon entry — meaning, every occurrence in Scripture, and related words.

אֵ֫לֶּה el.leh these H0428 · Hebrew → אַרְנוֹן ar.non Arnon H0769 · Hebrew → אֶ֫רֶץ e.rets land: country/planet H0776 · Hebrew → אֲשֶׁר a.sher which; in which; whence; as which H0834 · Hebrew → אֵת et [Obj.] H0853 · Hebrew → בֵּן ben son: child; Beno; son: descendant/people; son: young animal; son: type of; son H1121 · Hebrew → הַר har mountain: mount H2022 · Hebrew → חֶרְמוֹן cher.mon (Mount) Hermon H2768 · Hebrew → יַרְדֵּן yar.den Jordan H3383 · Hebrew → יָרַשׁ ya.rash to possess: possess H3423 · Hebrew → יִשְׂרָאֵל yis.ra.el Israel H3478 · Hebrew → כֹּל kol all H3605 · Hebrew → מִזְרָח miz.rach East (Gate) H4217 · Hebrew → מֶ֫לֶךְ me.lekh king H4428 · Hebrew → נַ֫חַל na.chal torrent: river; palm-tree; Brook; (Eshcol) Valley; (Shittim) Valley; (Sorek) Valley H5158 · Hebrew → נָכָה na.khah to smite H5221 · Hebrew → עֵ֫בֶר e.ver side: beside H5676 · Hebrew → עַד ad till H5704 · Hebrew → עֲרָבָה a.ra.vah Arabah H6160 · Hebrew → שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ she.mesh sun H8121 · Hebrew →

Cross-References

Source: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (TSK, public domain)

Numbers 21:13	From there they traveled, and encamped on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness that comes out of the border of the Amorites; for the Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
Numbers 21:24	Israel struck him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from the Arnon to the Jabbok, even to the children of Ammon; for the border of the children of Ammon was fortified.
Deuteronomy 2:24	“Rise up, take your journey, and pass over the valley of the Arnon. Behold, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land; begin to possess it, and contend with him in battle.
Deuteronomy 3:8	We took the land at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon.
Deuteronomy 3:9	(The Sidonians call Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir.)
Deuteronomy 4:48	from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, even to Mount Siyon (also called Hermon),
Joshua 1:15	until Yahweh has given your brothers rest, as he has given you, and they have also possessed the land which Yahweh your God gives them. Then you shall return to the land of your possession and possess it, which Moses the servant of Yahweh gave you beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise.’”
Joshua 11:3	to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.

Interlinear and lexical data from STEPBible (CC BY 4.0). Cross-reference data from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0). Commentaries are public domain.

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