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יָרַשׁ (ya.rash)

ya.rash

to possess: possess

H3423 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 193 verses

H:V

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
193 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:V

Word Overview

The Hebrew verb yāraš means to take possession of land, often by driving out those who lived there before. It is not a quiet transfer of title but an active seizure. In the Old Testament, this word appears frequently in Deuteronomy and Joshua as Israel prepares to enter Canaan. The sources highlight that the primary sense is occupying space by force, succeeding to what others held. This is why it can mean both inheriting a legacy and dispossessing a neighbor.

A striking nuance is its connection to poverty. When used in negative contexts or passive forms, yāraš describes becoming impoverished or being stripped of one’s home. The same root that grants land to the conqueror takes it from the defeated. For example, when God warns Israel against injustice, He says He will make them poor and dispossess them if they turn away (Jeremiah 49:1). This dual nature shows that possession in Scripture is never neutral; it always involves a shift in power.

Translators often render yāraš as "inherit" or "possess," but these English words can sound peaceful. The Hebrew carries the weight of conquest and displacement. It reminds readers that the Promised Land was not merely given but taken through divine action against previous inhabitants. This tension between gift and force is central to understanding Israel’s history in Canaan.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The Hebrew word yāraš carries a weight that modern English often softens. While we might translate it simply as "inherit" or "possess," the original sense involves active occupation and displacement. In the Old Testament, this verb describes Israel taking hold of the land promised to their ancestors. It was not a passive receipt but an engagement with reality, often involving conflict with those who previously held the territory. This reminds us that God’s promises are real and tangible, requiring faith to step into what He has prepared.

Yet this word also holds a sobering warning. The same power that grants possession can remove it if justice is abandoned. When Israel turned away from God, they faced the loss of their inheritance, becoming impoverished themselves. This dual nature shows that our standing before God is never neutral. It depends on His faithfulness and our response to His commands. We are called to hold what He gives us with humility, knowing that true security comes from Him alone.

For your life today, this word invites you to consider what you truly hold dear. Are you clinging to temporary things, or are you resting in the inheritance God offers through Christ? The New Testament speaks of believers as heirs of God, sharing in the riches of His kingdom. This is a secure possession, one that no enemy can take away. Let this assurance ground your heart, trusting that God will sustain you and provide for your needs according to His perfect will.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 193 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • to/ take possession of/ it30×
  • to/ take possession of17×
  • and/ you will take possession of11×
  • and/ they took possession of11×
  • they will possess6×
  • and/ they will take possession of6×
  • to/ dispossess5×
  • it dispossessed4×
  • he had dispossessed4×
  • they dispossessed3×
  • he dispossessed3×
  • and/ you will take possession of/ it3×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • לְ/רִשְׁתָּֽ/הּ\׃13×
  • לָ/רֶ֣שֶׁת10×
  • לְ/רִשְׁתָּ֔/הּ6×
  • הוֹרִ֣ישׁ6×
  • לְ/רִשְׁתָּ֑/הּ5×
  • וִֽ/ירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם5×
  • לָ/רֶ֥שֶׁת4×
  • לָ/רֶ֖שֶׁת4×
  • יוֹרֵ֣שׁ3×
  • יִֽירְשׁוּ\־3×
  • הוֹרִישֽׁ/וֹ\׃\ \ס3×
  • הוֹרִישׁ֙3×

Key Verses

  • Genesis 15:7
    He said to Abram, “I am Yahweh who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give you this land to inherit it.”

    This verse establishes the foundational promise where God explicitly links His deliverance from Ur with the future act of giving the land to inherit.

  • Numbers 33:53
    You shall take possession of the land, and dwell therein; for I have given the land to you to possess it.

    Here the command is direct and imperative, tying the act of taking possession directly to God’s prior gift of the land.

  • Leviticus 20:24
    But I have said to you, “You shall inherit their land, and I will give it to you to possess it, a land flowing with milk and honey.” I am Yahweh your God, who has separated you from the peoples.

    This occurrence connects the inheritance of the land with God’s distinct separation of Israel from other nations, highlighting their unique covenant status.

  • Numbers 14:24
    But my servant Caleb, because he had another spirit with him, and has followed me fully, him I will bring into the land into which he went. His offspring shall possess it.

    Caleb’s example shows that faithful obedience results in personal possession and the blessing of offspring inheriting the land.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does yāraš mean in the Old Testament?

The verb yāraš primarily means to take possession of land, often by driving out previous inhabitants. It implies active occupation rather than passive receipt. In some contexts, it also refers to inheriting a legacy or becoming impoverished when possession is lost.

Why is this word significant for understanding the Promised Land?

It highlights that the land was not merely given but required active engagement to possess. This reflects the tension between God’s promise and Israel’s responsibility to obey His commands in taking hold of what He provided.

How does yāraš relate to the concept of inheritance?

While it can mean physical possession, it is closely linked to the idea of inheritance. The word connects the legal right to receive land with the practical act of occupying it, showing that inheritance in Scripture involves both gift and responsibility.

Every Occurrence (193 verses across 26 books)

Genesis 9 verses
Exodus 2 verses
Leviticus 2 verses
Numbers 13 verses
Deuteronomy 62 verses
Joshua 24 verses
Judges 21 verses
I Samuel 1 verse
II Samuel 1 verse
I Kings 6 verses
II Kings 4 verses
I Chronicles 1 verse
II Chronicles 4 verses
Ezra 2 verses
Nehemiah 5 verses
Job 2 verses
Psalms 7 verses
Proverbs 4 verses
Isaiah 9 verses
Jeremiah 5 verses
Hosea 1 verse
Amos 2 verses
Obadiah 3 verses
Micah 1 verse
Habakkuk 1 verse
Zechariah 1 verse