Nehemiah 3:16-27 · Bible study
Nehemiah 3:16-27 Commentary: Landmarks of the Wall Rebuilding
Hebrew · 10 what the commentators say
Meaning in one sentence
Explore the landmarks in Nehemiah 3:16, 27, tombs of David, pool, towers, and what they reveal about ancient Jerusalem's layout.
Research Summary
- Meaning: A detailed record of the workers and sections of wall repaired, revealing the social and topographical layout of post-exilic Jerusalem.
- Key words: hechĕziq (repaired/strengthened), middah shenit (second portion/another piece), hecherâh (earnestly/burning zeal), Ophel (the projecting hill).
- Main debate: The precise identification of landmarks like “the pool that was made” (Hezekiah’s pool vs. another) and the location of David’s tombs, which affect the reconstruction of Jerusalem’s wall line.
- Theological theme: The honour and dignity of every participant in God’s work, from high priest to temple servant, and the power of coordinated, willing service.
- Best use: As a model for teaching on community cooperation, the value of each person’s contribution, and the integration of faith with practical, everyday work.
Translation Comparison
BSB Berean Standard Bible 2020
16Beyond him, Nehemiah son of Azbuk, ruler of a half-district of Beth-zur, made repairs up to a point opposite the tombs of David, as far as the artificial pool and the House of the Mighty.
17Next to him, the Levites made repairs under Rehum son of Bani, and next to him, Hashabiah, ruler of a half-district of Keilah, made repairs for his district.
18Next to him, their countrymen made repairs under Binnui son of Henadad, ruler of the other half-district of Keilah.
19And next to him, Ezer son of Jeshua, ruler of Mizpah, repaired another section opposite the Ascent to the Armory, near the angle in the wall.
20Next to him, Baruch son of Zabbai diligently repaired another section, from the angle to the doorway of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21Next to him, Meremoth son of Uriah, the son of Hakkoz, repaired another section, from the doorway of the house of Eliashib to the end of the house.
22And next to him, the priests from the surrounding area made repairs.
23Beyond them, Benjamin and Hasshub made repairs in front of their house, and next to them, Azariah son of Maaseiah, the son of Ananiah, made repairs beside his house.
24After him, Binnui son of Henadad repaired another section, from the house of Azariah to the angle and the corner,
25and Palal son of Uzai made repairs opposite the angle and the tower that juts out from the upper palace of the king near the courtyard of the guard. Next to him, Pedaiah son of Parosh
26and the temple servants living on the hill of Ophel made repairs opposite the Water Gate toward the east and the tower that juts out.
27And next to them, the Tekoites repaired another section, from a point opposite the great tower that juts out to the wall of Ophel.
WEB World English Bible 2000
16After him, Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the ruler of half the district of Beth Zur, made repairs to the place opposite the tombs of David, and to the pool that was made, and to the house of the mighty men.
17After him, the Levites—Rehum the son of Bani made repairs. Next to him, Hashabiah, the ruler of half the district of Keilah, made repairs for his district.
18After him, their brothers, Bavvai the son of Henadad, the ruler of half the district of Keilah made repairs.
19Next to him, Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, repaired another portion across from the ascent to the armory at the turning of the wall.
20After him, Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired another portion, from the turning of the wall to the door of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21After him, Meremoth the son of Uriah the son of Hakkoz repaired another portion, from the door of the house of Eliashib even to the end of the house of Eliashib.
22After him, the priests, the men of the surrounding area made repairs.
23After them, Benjamin and Hasshub made repairs across from their house. After them, Azariah the son of Maaseiah the son of Ananiah made repairs beside his own house.
24After him, Binnui the son of Henadad repaired another portion, from the house of Azariah to the turning of the wall, and to the corner.
25Palal the son of Uzai made repairs opposite the turning of the wall, and the tower that stands out from the upper house of the king, which is by the court of the guard. After him Pedaiah the son of Parosh made repairs.
26(Now the temple servants lived in Ophel, to the place opposite the water gate toward the east, and the tower that stands out.)
27After him the Tekoites repaired another portion, opposite the great tower that stands out, and to the wall of Ophel.
KJV King James Version 1769
16After him repaired Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the ruler of the half part of Beth–zur, unto the place over against the sepulchres of David, and to the pool that was made, and unto the house of the mighty.
17After him repaired the Levites, Rehum the son of Bani. Next unto him repaired Hashabiah, the ruler of the half part of Keilah, in his part.
18After him repaired their brethren, Bavai the son of Henadad, the ruler of the half part of Keilah.
19And next to him repaired Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, another piece over against the going up to the armoury at the turning of the wall.
20After him Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired the other piece, from the turning of the wall unto the door of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21After him repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah the son of Koz another piece, from the door of the house of Eliashib even to the end of the house of Eliashib.
22And after him repaired the priests, the men of the plain.
23After him repaired Benjamin and Hashub over against their house. After him repaired Azariah the son of Maaseiah the son of Ananiah by his house.
24After him repaired Binnui the son of Henadad another piece, from the house of Azariah unto the turning of the wall, even unto the corner.
25Palal the son of Uzai, over against the turning of the wall, and the tower which lieth out from the king’s high house, that was by the court of the prison. After him Pedaiah the son of Parosh.
26Moreover the Nethinims dwelt in Ophel, unto the place over against the water gate toward the east, and the tower that lieth out.
27After them the Tekoites repaired another piece, over against the great tower that lieth out, even unto the wall of Ophel.
ASV American Standard Version 1901
16After him repaired Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the ruler of half the district of Beth-zur, unto the place over against the sepulchres of David, and unto the pool that was made, and unto the house of the mighty men.
17After him repaired the Levites, Rehum the son of Bani. Next unto him repaired Hashabiah, the ruler of half the district of Keilah, for his district.
18After him repaired their brethren, Bavvai the son of Henadad, the ruler of half the district of Keilah.
19And next to him repaired Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, another portion, over against the ascent to the armory at the turning of the wall.
20After him Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired another portion, from the turning of the wall unto the door of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21After him repaired Meremoth the son of Uriah the son of Hakkoz another portion, from the door of the house of Eliashib even to the end of the house of Eliashib.
22And after him repaired the priests, the men of the Plain.
23After them repaired Benjamin and Hasshub over against their house. After them repaired Azariah the son of Maaseiah the son of Ananiah beside his own house.
24After him repaired Binnui the son of Henadad another portion, from the house of Azariah unto the turning of the wall, and unto the corner.
25Palal the son of Uzai repaired over against the turning of the wall, and the tower that standeth out from the upper house of the king, which is by the court of the guard. After him Pedaiah the son of Parosh repaired.
26(Now the Nethinim dwelt in Ophel, unto the place over against the water gate toward the east, and the tower that standeth out.)
27After him the Tekoites repaired another portion, over against the great tower that standeth out, and unto the wall of Ophel.
YLT Young's Literal Translation 1898
16After him hath Nehemiah son of Azbuk, head of the half of the district of Beth-Zur, strengthened, unto over-against the graves of David, and unto the pool that is made, and unto the house of the mighty ones.
17After him have the Levites strengthened, and Rehum son of Bani: by his hand hath Hashabiah, head of the half of the district of Keilah, strengthened, for his district.
18After him have their brethren strengthened, and Bavvai son of Henadad, head of the half of the district of Keilah.
19And Ezer son of Jeshua, head of Mizpah, doth strengthen, by his hand, a second measure, from over-against the ascent of the armoury at the angle.
20After him hath Baruch son of Zabbai hastened to strengthen a second measure from the angle unto the opening of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21After him hath Meremoth son of Urijah, son of Koz, strengthened, a second measure, from the opening of the house of Eliashib even unto the completion of the house of Eliashib.
22And after him have the priests, men of the circuit, strengthened.
23After them hath Benjamin strengthened, and Hashub, over-against their house; after him hath Azariah son of Maaseiah, son of Ananiah, strengthened, near his house.
24After him hath Binnui son of Henadad strengthened, a second measure, from the house of Azariah unto the angle, and unto the corner.
25Palal son of Uzai, from over-against the angle, and the tower that is going out from the upper house of the king that is at the court of the prison; after him Pedaiah son of Parosh.
26And the Nethinim have been dwelling in Ophel, unto over-against the water-gate at the east, and the tower that goeth out.
27After him have the Tekoites strengthened, a second measure, from over-against the great tower that goeth out, and unto the wall of Ophel.
Darby Darby Bible 1890
16After him repaired Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the chief of the half district of Beth-zur, even over against the sepulchres of David, and to the pool that was made, and to the house of the mighty [men].
17After him repaired the Levites, Rehum the son of Bani. Next to him repaired Hashabiah, the chief of the half district of Keilah, for his district.
18After him repaired their brethren, Bavvai the son of Henadad, the chief of the half district of Keilah.
19And next to him repaired Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, a second piece over against the going up to the armoury at the angle.
20After him Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired another piece, from the angle to the entry of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21After him repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah, the son of Koz, another piece, from the door of the house of Eliashib as far as the end of the house of Eliashib.
22And after him repaired the priests, the men of the plain [of Jordan].
23After them repaired Benjamin and Hasshub over against their house. After them repaired Azariah the son of Maaseiah, the son of Ananiah, by his house.
24After him repaired Binnui the son of Henadad another piece, from the house of Azariah to the angle, as far as the corner.
25Palal the son of Uzai, over against the angle, and the high tower that lies out from the king's house, which was by the court of the prison. After him, Pedaiah the son of Parosh.
26(Now the Nethinim dwelt in Ophel, even over against the water-gate toward the east, and the tower which lies out.)
27After him the Tekoites repaired a second piece, over against the great tower which lies out, as far as the wall of Ophel.
Douay-Rheims Douay-Rheims Bible 1899
16After him built Nehemiah the son of Azboc, lord of half the street of Bethsur, as far as over against the sepulchre of David, and to the pool, that was built with great labour, and to the house of the mighty.
17After him built the Levites, Rehum the son of Benni. After him built Hasebias, lord of half the street of Ceila in his own street.
18After him built their brethren Bavai the son of Enadad, lord of half Ceila.
19And next to him Aser the son of Josue, lord of Maspha, built another measure, over against the going up of the strong corner.
20After him in the mount Baruch the son of Zachai built another measure, from the corner to the door of the house of Eliasib the high priest.
21After him Merimuth the son of Urias the son of Haccus, built another measure, from the door of the house of Eliasib, to the end of the house of Eliasib.
22And after him built the priests, the men of the plains of the Jordan.
23After him built Benjamin and Hasub, over against their own house: and after him built Azarias the son of Maasias the son of Ananias over against his house.
24After him built Bennui the son of Hanadad another measure, from the house of Azarias unto the bending, and unto the corner.
25Phalel, the son of Ozi, over against the bending and the tower, which lieth out from the king's high house, that is, in the court of the prison: after him Phadaia the son of Pharos.
26And the Nathinites dwelt in Ophel, as far as over against the water gate toward the east, and the tower that stood out.
27After him the Thecuites built another measure over against, from the great tower that standeth out unto the wall of the temple.
Verse in Context
Original Language (Biblical Hebrew)
Old Testament · Biblical Hebrew · Nehemiah 3:16
Source: STEPBible TAGNT/TEHB (CC-BY 4.0). Click or tap a morphology code to see the full parsing.
Scholars' Consensus
The commentators consulted agree that Nehemiah 3:16-27 preserves a topographically precise record of the wall repair around the southeastern bend of Jerusalem, between the City of David and the temple hill. Barnes, Clarke, and Keil & Delitzsch all identify the “pool that was made” with Hezekiah’s water project (2 Kings 20:20). The “tombs of David” are understood as the royal burial caves near the temple, a site well known until the first century A.D. The “house of the mighty men” likely refers to a guardhouse or barracks (Clarke; Barnes). The repeated phrase “another portion” (Hebrew middah shenit) indicates that several workers, like the Tekoites and Meremoth, took on a second assigned section after finishing their first, a detail that Jamieson-Fausset-Brown and Gill highlight as evidence of extraordinary zeal. The landmarks, armory, turning of the wall, projecting towers, Ophel, the Water Gate, form a coherent sequence that allows scholars to reconstruct the line of the wall. Cambridge Bible notes that the mention of the Nethinim (temple servants) dwelling in Ophel mirrors the social geography of the city. The overall picture: an organized, community-wide effort in which every group, from high priest to temple servants, repaired the section nearest their homes or responsibilities.
How settled is the interpretation?
Interpretive difficulty: Medium
Main views:
- Traditional identification of pool as Hezekiah's: 2 Kings 20:20; early Jewish tradition; Wesley and Clarke note it.
- Alternative identification with the Pool of Shelah or an earlier reservoir: Some scholars see a different pool because the Hebrew uses 'ha-«aśuyah' ('the made one') which is generic.
What is clear: The landmarks formed a continuous sequence along the southeastern wall of Jerusalem, and each worker repaired a specific, recorded section.
What Scholars Agree and Debate
| Topic | Agreed | Debated |
|---|---|---|
| Identity of the artificial pool | It was a pool constructed for the city's water supply, an engineered reservoir rather than a natural one. | Most identify it with the pool Hezekiah built (2 Kings 20:20); a minority suggest it was the Pool of Shelah (Nehemiah 3:15) or another reservoir. Both sides rely on the same topographic sequence. |
| Location of David's tombs | The tombs were a known landmark near the temple hill, used as a boundary for the repair effort. | Some place them within the City of David on the eastern ridge (Barnes); others argue for a site west of the temple area (Cambridge Bible). The exact location is not confirmed by archaeology. |
| Function of the 'house of the mighty men' | It was a building connected to David’s elite warriors or the permanent city guard. | Clarke thinks it was a barracks for the guard; Keil & Delitzsch regard it as the house of David’s famous corps (2 Samuel 23). Both agree it implies military presence near the palace. |
| The role of the Nethinim (temple servants) | They lived in Ophel and participated in the wall repair alongside full Israelites. | Some traditions (Catholic, Protestant) see them as descendants of Gibeonites assigned to temple service; others interpret them as freed captives. All agree they were fully integrated into the community of workers. |
| The 'second portion' as a pattern of work | Several builders completed one section and voluntarily took on another, showing extraordinary commitment. | The debate is subtle: some see this as indicating the initial work was easy, others as evidence that a few workers had to make up for others who neglected their assignment (Clarke, Gill). The fact of double service is undisputed. |
Historical & Cultural Context
Nehemiah 3 describes the rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls around 445 B.C., during the Persian period, when Artaxerxes I granted Nehemiah permission to return as governor. The passage belongs to a larger topographical document, likely a census of workers that Nehemiah incorporated into his memoirs. The city at that time was small and sparsely populated, confined largely to the eastern ridge known as the City of David. The southern tip of this ridge, called Ophel (Ophel means “hill” or “bulge”), was where temple servants, the Nethinim, had their dwellings (Nehemiah 3:26).
The landmarks named in these verses help fix the line of the wall. The “tombs of David” were rock-hewn burial caves for the kings of Judah, located west of the temple near the royal palace (2 Chronicles 21:20; Ezekiel 43:7-9). The “pool that was made” is almost certainly the pool and conduit built by King Hezekiah when he fortified the city against Sennacherib (2 Kings 20:20; 2 Chronicles 32:4). The “house of the mighty men” may refer to the barracks of the royal guard, echoing the “house of the mighty” in 1 Chronicles 11:22. The “armoury at the turning of the wall” was probably a fortified structure at the angle where the wall changed direction. The “king’s upper house” beside the “court of the guard” (1 Kings 14:27-28) served as a palace guard station. The Water Gate led eastward toward the Kidron Valley and the Gihon Spring.
Socially, the workforce included priests, Levites, district rulers, goldsmiths, merchants, and temple servants, a cross-section of Judean society. The rulers of half-districts (like Beth Zur, Keilah, Mizpah) were local officials responsible for mobilizing their people. The Tekoites, who had refused to work with their nobles in verse 5, here volunteer for a second portion, showing that the earlier refusal was by the nobility, not the common citizens. This passage thus reflects both the physical reconstruction of a wall and the reweaving of a community’s identity around shared labor and sacred space.
Textual Notes
The consulted sources note a few minor textual variants in this passage. In verse 20, the name of Baruch’s father appears as either “Zabbai” (the reading of the kethib and the Septuagint) or “Zaccai” (the qere and the Vulgate); the Cambridge Bible marks this as a well-known variation. In verses 18 and 24, the name “Bavvai” (Nehemiah 3:18) and “Binnui” (3:24) are likely variant spellings of the same person; the Septuagint reads “Binnui” in both places. The Leningrad Codex (used in the BHS) shows no other significant variants in this section. The overall text is stable and its meaning is not in doubt.
Reception History
Throughout church history, Nehemiah 3 has been read as a practical example of community cooperation and faithful work. Early Jewish and Christian interpreters saw the rebuilding as a type of the restoration of God’s people after exile. Bishop Patrick (17th century), cited by Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, praised the builders for their piety and patriotism in defending true worshippers. Wesley noted Baruch’s “earnest” repair as a model of zeal that provokes others to diligence. In modern times, the chapter has been valued by biblical archaeologists for its topographical clues about pre-exilic Jerusalem. The listing of names, including obscure individuals and families, has also been used to encourage congregations that every member, not just leaders, is recorded in God’s book of remembrance.
Preaching This Verse
Three-point outline
- Every person has a place in the work. From the high priest’s house to the dwellings of temple servants, each group repaired the section nearest their own home. God’s work is not the job of a few; it belongs to everyone, and each contribution matters.
- Working near your own house. Several builders are described as repairing “opposite” or “beside” or “before” their own house. The ordinary duties of daily life become sacred when done for the good of the whole community. Faithfulness begins where we already live.
- The earnest worker inspires others. Baruch is noted for working “earnestly” (Nehemiah 3:20), and the Tekoites, having finished their first portion, took on a second. Their zeal moved the work forward and contrasted with the nobles who held back. Passion for God’s purposes is contagious.
Five-point outline
- Leaders lead by example. Nehemiah son of Azbuk, a district ruler, repaired the wall with his own hands. Leaders in the church must do more than direct, they must serve alongside the people.
- Families and neighbours work together. Benjamin and Hasshub repaired “over against their house”; Azariah worked “beside his own house.” Ministry flows naturally from home life.
- Priests and Levites join the labour. The sacred ministers did not stay inside the temple; they took up stones and mortar. No spiritual role excuses practical service.
- Temple servants are included. The Nethinim, once foreign captives, now lived in Ophel and repaired the wall. God’s household has no second-class citizens.
- Those who finish early help again. The Tekoites and Meremoth repaired a “second portion.” When you complete your part, look for others who need help.
Illustration hooks
- A local church plans a building renovation. Instead of hiring everything out, members sign up to paint, clean, and provide meals according to their skills. The shared effort strengthens relationships.
- A neighborhood association organizes a mural project along a busy street. Each family paints the section in front of their own house, turning a job into a point of pride and connection.
Questions your congregation is asking
- “Why does the Bible list all these names and places? Doesn’t it get boring?” The answer: this is a record of honour. God notices each worker and values the ordinary details of faithful service.
- “What does it mean to work ‘opposite my house’?” It reminds us that our primary place of ministry is where we already live, among the neighbours God has placed around us.
Leading a Discussion
This passage names many individuals and landmarks. At first it reads like a list, but it records a community rebuilding not only a wall but their identity. Notice how each group worked near its own dwellings or sphere of responsibility. The passage invites us to reflect on the dignity of ordinary work and the value of every person in God’s plan.
Discussion questions
- What landmarks appear in this section of the wall repair? Why do you think they are recorded so carefully?
- How do the different groups, priests, Levites, rulers, temple servants, work together? What does their cooperation show about the community?
- Several workers are said to repair “another portion” or a “second measure.” What motivated them to do more? (See also Nehemiah 3:4-5 about the Tekoites.)
- The Tekoites’ nobles refused to work (verse 5), yet the common Tekoites here take on an extra section. How does that change your view of the earlier verse?
- Baruch is said to have repaired “earnestly.” The Hebrew word (hecherâh from chârâh) can mean “burning” or “zealous.” What do you think drove his urgency?
- Why do you think the writer mentions that people worked “opposite their own house” or “beside his own house”? What does that teach us about local responsibility?
- How might this passage shape your view of serving in your church or community today? What “landmarks” are on your heart?
Word Study
The key original-language words in this verse. Select any word for its full lexicon entry — meaning, every occurrence in Scripture, and related words.
Cross-References
Source: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (TSK, public domain)
| Joshua 15:58 | Halhul, Beth Zur, Gedor, |
| I Kings 14:27 | King Rehoboam made shields of bronze in their place, and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard, who guarded the door of the king’s house. |
| I Kings 14:28 | It was so, that as often as the king went into Yahweh’s house, the guard bore them, and brought them back into the guard room. |
| II Kings 20:20 | Now the rest of the acts of Hezekiah, and all his might, and how he made the pool, and the conduit, and brought water into the city, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? |
| I Chronicles 2:45 | The son of Shammai was Maon; and Maon was the father of Beth Zur. |
| II Chronicles 11:7 | Beth Zur, Soco, Adullam, |
| II Chronicles 12:10 | King Rehoboam made shields of bronze in their place, and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard, who kept the door of the king’s house. |
| II Chronicles 12:11 | As often as the king entered into Yahweh’s house, the guard came and bore them, then brought them back into the guard room. |
Interlinear and lexical data from STEPBible (CC BY 4.0). Cross-reference data from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0). Commentaries are public domain.
For personal reflection
Read the devotional page — prayer, application, and "for families"
What the Commentators Say
9 public-domain commentaries, condensed into plain language.
Adam Clarke's Commentary Methodist/Wesleyan 1826
Clarke clarifies several obscure Hebrew terms and locations in the rebuilding account. He identifies the pool as Hezekiah’s reservoir, the house of the mighty as a guard station, and the armoury as either a tower or the city arsenal. He also explains that the priests of the plain were temple officers who lived in the countryside around Jerusalem.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible Protestant 1832
Barnes identifies the specific locations around Jerusalem being rebuilt, mapping each gate, tower, and district mentioned in the text to known geographical features. His focus is on the precise topography of the city, especially the temple quarter and the old city of David, showing how the rebuilding effort followed the existing layout.
Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges Anglican 1880
This commentary identifies each location in the wall’s reconstruction by its historical and strategic role — Beth-zur as a frontier stronghold, the armoury and towers as key fortifications, and Ophel as the vulnerable southern ridge connecting the Temple to the city’s water supply. The writer uses archaeological details to show how the repaired wall reinforced Jerusalem’s most exposed points.
Geneva Bible Notes Reformed 1599
The Geneva Notes let the biblical text speak directly, recording the detailed list of builders and their assigned
Gill's Exposition of the Bible Baptist 1748
Gill meticulously identifies the exact geographical locations and historical background of each builder's section, even tracing the ruins back to Hezekiah's pool and David's sepulchres. He also highlights the zeal of certain workers, noting Baruch repaired "earnestly" or in anger, and that the Tekoites gladly took on a second piece despite their nobles' laziness.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Protestant 1871
JFB draws attention to the Nethinims, the temple servants, being listed alongside priests and Levites as contributors to the wall repair. He sees the commemoration of all these names as honoring both piety and patriotism, an act of religious courage that trusted God for protection against surrounding enemies.
Keil & Delitzsch OT Commentary Protestant 1876
Keil-Delitzsch insists that the tower described in verses 25, 26, and 27 of Nehemiah 3 is one and the same structure, not three separate towers. They argue the royal palace stood on the north-eastern side of Zion, not near the temple, and that the wall here turns eastward over Ophel toward the Tyropoean valley.
Matthew Henry's Commentary Reformed/Presbyterian 1710
Matthew Henry observes that while nearly every group of people in Jerusalem worked willingly on the wall, the nobles of Tekoa are singled out for shame—they refused to put their shoulders to the work. Their absence stands as a quiet warning: high rank is no excuse for holding back from God's cause.
Wesley's Explanatory Notes Methodist/Wesleyan 1754
Wesley notes the Tekoites' unusual diligence: after completing their own portion ahead of schedule, they