Exodus 23:5 Meaning: Love Your Enemy by Helping His Burden

Three Hebrew words carry the weight of this command. First, “him who hates you” (שֹׂנֵא, sane), not just a casual dislike, but a settled opposition. This is the person who wishes you harm. The law doesn't let you return that hatred. Second, “fallen down” (רֹבֵץ, ravats) describes an animal that has sunk to the ground, unable to rise. The load has won. Third is the tricky verb “help” (עָזֹב, azav). This same word can mean “to leave” or “to forsake.” The verse uses it twice: “don't leave him” (in the sense of abandon) and then “you shall surely help”, literally “you shall certainly release it with him.” Commentators note the wordplay: what your instincts want to do (leave the enemy to his trouble) is exactly what you must not do. Instead, you are to loosen the burden, lighten the load, alongside the enemy himself. The command is not passive goodwill but active, hands-on assistance.

Christian readers have long seen this verse as a bridge to loving enemies. Matthew Henry (Reformed tradition) notes that the law was designed to “forbid personal revenge” and required help even to an enemy. The Geneva Bible adds a questioning tone, “would you forbear to help him?”, pressing the conscience. Anglican scholar A.R. Fausset points out that the Hebrew word rendered “help” suggests releasing the animal from its burden, not just standing by. Across traditions, the focus is consistent: God's command overrides our natural reluctance. The verse anticipates Jesus' teaching to pray for those who persecute you, and it grounds that command in concrete, dirty work, helping a fallen donkey before reconciling words are spoken.

Some read the Hebrew and think the command is ambiguous, maybe you can choose to leave the donkey or help it. In fact, the verb azav plays on two meanings: the first use says “do not forsake it,” the second intensifies the command: “you shall certainly release it with him.” The verse leaves no room for excuse. Helping your enemy's beast is not optional; it is a binding obligation of covenant community.

Someone at work has been critical of you. This morning you see them struggling with a heavy box in the parking lot. Your first thought is to keep walking. But Exodus 23:5 has already been at work in you. You stop, you help lift the load, maybe you even make a joke to ease the tension. That is what this verse asks, not lofty feelings but simple, physical help. This week, look for a burden your enemy carries. It might be a literal load or a heavy responsibility. Help with it. You are not required to become best friends, but you are required to become a neighbor. The donkey is the occasion; the heart of God is the lesson.