GospelMount
Search Topics Scripture Prayer Resources Ebooks About Support the mission Saved articles

תּוֹעֵבַה (to.e.vah)

to.e.vah

abomination

H8441 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 67 verses

H:N-F

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
67 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:N-F

Word Overview

The Hebrew noun toʿēḇah describes something that is deeply repulsive or disgusting, functioning as a strong term for abomination. It appears frequently in Proverbs and the prophetic books like Jeremiah, where it captures both ritual impurity and moral wickedness. The word carries the weight of something so offensive that it provokes visceral rejection.

Its meaning shifts depending on context, covering everything to unclean foods and idolatrous practices to ethical failures like dishonest scales or violent behavior. In Deuteronomy 14:3, for instance, it marks dietary laws that set Israel apart, while Proverbs 11:1 uses it to condemn false weights as an offense against divine order. This dual use shows how the ancient Israelites saw no sharp line between physical cleanliness and moral integrity.

The term derives from a root meaning "to loathe" or "to abhor," emphasizing the emotional response of disgust rather than just legal status. Translators often render it as "abomination," but this English word can sometimes feel abstract; the Hebrew conveys a concrete sense of revulsion toward things that violate covenant boundaries, whether through idol worship or social injustice.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The Hebrew word toʿēḇah describes something that provokes deep revulsion or disgust. It is not merely a legal label but a visceral reaction to what violates covenant boundaries. In ancient Israel, this term covered a wide range of issues, from eating forbidden foods to engaging in idolatry or social injustice. The word reminds us that God cares about both ritual purity and moral integrity, seeing no sharp line between physical cleanliness and ethical behavior.

For your faith life, this word invites you to consider what truly offends God. It is not just about following rules but about cultivating a heart that rejects what harms relationships with God and others. When you encounter situations that feel wrong or repulsive, remember that God shares this view. He desires a community marked by holiness and justice, where people treat one another with dignity and respect.

Understanding toʿēḇah helps you appreciate the seriousness of sin in Scripture. It shows that God is not indifferent to evil but actively opposes it. This awareness can deepen your gratitude for God’s grace, which forgives and transforms those who turn away from such practices. Let this word encourage you to pursue a life that honors God in both thought and action.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 67 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • the/ abominations10×
  • [is] [the] abomination of10×
  • [is] an abomination7×
  • [are] [the] abomination of7×
  • according to/ [the] abominations of5×
  • an abomination4×
  • and/ [is] an abomination of3×
  • the/ abomination2×
  • [is] an abomination of2×
  • <the> abomination of2×
  • the/ abominations of1×
  • into/ an abomination1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת12×
  • תוֹעֲבַ֛ת4×
  • תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת3×
  • וְ/תוֹעֲבַ֖ת3×
  • תוֹעֵבָ֥ה2×
  • תוֹעֵבָ֖ה2×
  • תוֹעֲבַ֥ת2×
  • תּוֹעֵבָֽה\׃2×
  • תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה2×
  • כְּ/תֹֽעֲבוֹת֙2×
  • הַ/תּוֹעֵבֹ֣ת2×
  • הַ/תּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת2×

Key Verses

  • Leviticus 18:29
    “‘For whoever shall do any of these abominations, even the souls that do them shall be cut off from among their people.

    This verse links the doing of abominations to being cut off from the people, showing the severe communal and spiritual consequences of violating covenant boundaries.

  • Deuteronomy 7:25
    You shall burn the engraved images of their gods with fire. You shall not covet the silver or the gold that is on them, nor take it for yourself, lest you be snared in it; for it is an abomination to Yahweh your God.

    Here, idolatrous images are called an abomination because they lead Israel into snare-like compromise with pagan worship, highlighting God’s jealousy for exclusive devotion.

  • Deuteronomy 14:3
    You shall not eat any abominable thing.

    This reference marks dietary laws as an abomination when violated, illustrating how physical practices set Israel apart and reflect their distinct identity as God’s people.

  • Leviticus 18:22
    “‘You shall not lie with a man as with a woman. That is detestable.

    This verse uses the term to describe sexual immorality that violates created order, showing the word’s application to personal conduct that defiles the community.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does toʿēḇah mean in the Bible?

Toʿēḇah is a Hebrew noun meaning abomination, describing something deeply repulsive or disgusting. It refers to acts or things that violate covenant boundaries, provoking visceral rejection from God and His people.

How is toʿēḇah different from other words for sin?

While many Hebrew words describe general sin, toʿēḇah specifically conveys a sense of revulsion or disgust. It emphasizes the emotional and moral offense against God’s holiness, often linked to idolatry or ethical failures.

Where does toʿēḇah appear in Scripture?

It appears 67 times in the Hebrew Bible, frequently in Leviticus, Deuteronomy, Proverbs, and the prophetic books. Examples include dietary laws (Deut 14:3) and condemnations of idolatry (Deut 7:25).

Why is toʿēḇah important for understanding God’s character?

This word shows that God is not indifferent to evil but actively opposes what defiles His people. It reveals His desire for holiness in both ritual and moral life, calling His followers to reflect His purity.

Every Occurrence (67 verses across 11 books)

Genesis 2 verses
Leviticus 6 verses
Deuteronomy 14 verses
I Kings 1 verse
II Kings 4 verses
II Chronicles 5 verses
Ezra 3 verses
Proverbs 20 verses
Isaiah 3 verses
Jeremiah 8 verses
Malachi 1 verse