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שְׁנָה (she.nah)

she.nah

year

H8140 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 6 verses

A:N-F

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
6 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
A:N-F

Word Overview

The word shenah is the Aramaic term for a year, functioning as the direct equivalent of the Hebrew shanah (H8141). It appears exclusively in the Aramaic sections of the Old Testament, specifically within the books of Ezra and Daniel. In these contexts, it serves as a standard unit of time to mark historical periods, royal reigns, and prophetic timelines.

Its usage is notably precise in Daniel 7:25 and 12:7, where it helps define specific durations in apocalyptic visions, such as "a time, times, and half a time." The word carries no additional metaphorical weight beyond its literal chronological sense. It simply denotes the annual cycle, anchoring the narrative’s timeline in concrete, measurable reality for the readers of these texts.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The Aramaic word shenah simply means 'year.' It appears in the Old Testament only within the sections written in Aramaic, specifically in Ezra and Daniel. In these texts, it marks specific historical moments, such as the reigns of kings or the timing of prophetic visions. Unlike some Hebrew words that carry deep metaphorical weight, shenah is straightforward. It denotes a standard annual cycle, grounding biblical history in concrete, measurable time.

This simplicity offers a quiet comfort. When you read about events happening 'in the first year of Cyrus' or 'the sixth year of Darius,' you are seeing how God works within real human history. These dates anchor the story in reality, showing that divine purposes unfold over actual years and seasons. The word reminds us that time is not just a backdrop but a space where faithfulness plays out.

For your daily life, this focus on concrete time can be encouraging. It suggests that God is present in the ordinary passage of days. Whether you are waiting for a long-term promise or marking the end of a difficult season, the use of shenah highlights that history matters to God. It invites you to trust that your own years, with all their ups and downs, are held within His larger story.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 6 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • in/ year3×
  • years1×
  • year1×
  • [was] year1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • בִּ/שְׁנַ֣ת2×
  • שְׁנַת\־1×
  • שְׁנַ֣ת1×
  • שְׁנִ֣ין1×
  • בִּ/שְׁנַ֨ת1×

Key Verses

  • Ezra 4:24
    Then work stopped on God’s house which is at Jerusalem. It stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.

    This verse uses the word to mark a specific pause in temple construction during Darius's reign, highlighting how political timelines affected religious work.

  • Daniel 7:1
    In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream and visions of his head while on his bed. Then he wrote the dream and told the sum of the matters.

    Here the term sets the stage for Daniel's vision by anchoring it in the first year of Belshazzar, showing how prophetic revelation is tied to historical moments.

  • Ezra 6:15
    This house was finished on the third day of the month Adar, which was in the sixth year of the reign of Darius the king.

    The word specifies the completion date in Darius's sixth year, emphasizing the long duration and eventual fulfillment of the rebuilding project.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does shenah mean in the Bible?

Shenah is the Aramaic word for 'year.' It functions as a standard unit of time to mark historical periods, royal reigns, and prophetic timelines. You will find it exclusively in the Aramaic sections of Ezra and Daniel.

How is shenah different from the Hebrew word for year?

The primary difference is language. Shenah is Aramaic, while the more common Hebrew equivalent is shanah (H8141). Both mean 'year,' but shenah appears only in the Aramaic portions of the Old Testament, reflecting the linguistic shift in those books.

Where does this word appear most often?

It occurs in six verses across Ezra and Daniel. Key instances include references to the reigns of Cyrus and Darius in Ezra, and the timing of Daniel's visions in Daniel 7. These uses highlight its role in dating historical events.

Every Occurrence (6 verses across 2 books)