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קִדְמָה (qid.mah)

qid.mah

east

H6926 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 3 verses

H:N-F

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
3 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:N-F

Word Overview

The noun qidmah refers to the east or the front, capturing a sense of direction that is both physical and temporal. In the Hebrew Bible, it primarily denotes the eastern quarter, often used to describe geographical orientation relative to landmarks or camps. This usage appears in narratives where precise location matters, such as when Abraham dwells in the tent toward the east (Genesis 12:8) or when Israel’s camp is arranged with the eastern side designated for specific tribes.

While its core meaning is directional, qidmah carries an implicit connection to what comes before. In ancient Near Eastern thought, the east was associated with the rising sun and the beginning of the day, linking spatial orientation to the concept of antiquity or frontness. Though rare in Scripture, appearing only three times, its consistent use in Genesis and 1 Samuel underscores how Hebrew speakers viewed space not just as empty coordinates but as meaningful regions tied to light, arrival, and precedence.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word qidmah points us toward the east, a direction deeply tied to the rising sun and the start of each day. In ancient Israel, this orientation was more than geographical; it carried a sense of precedence and origin. When Scripture mentions living in the land of Nod east of Eden or camps positioned eastward, it highlights how space held spiritual significance for those who walked with God.

For your faith, this reminds us that direction matters. Just as the sun rises to bring light after darkness, our lives are oriented toward hope and renewal. The biblical writers used these spatial markers to show that God’s presence and guidance are real and tangible in our daily paths. We do not wander aimlessly but move forward with purpose.

This simple word invites reflection on where we place our focus. By acknowledging the east as a place of new beginnings, we can appreciate how God meets us at the start of every journey, offering fresh grace and steady direction in times of uncertainty.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 3 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • [the] east of3×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • קִדְמַת\־1×
  • קִדְמַ֣ת1×
  • קִדְמַ֖ת1×

Key Verses

  • Genesis 4:16
    Cain left Yahweh’s presence, and lived in the land of Nod, east of Eden.

    This verse uses qidmah to mark Cain’s separation from God’s presence, showing how the east symbolizes a departure from intimacy with the divine.

  • I Samuel 13:5
    The Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Israel: thirty thousand chariots, six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude. They came up and encamped in Michmash, eastward of Beth Aven.

    Here the term describes the Philistine camp’s position east of Beth Aven, emphasizing the strategic and geographical weight of direction in Israel’s battles.

  • Genesis 2:14
    The name of the third river is Hiddekel. This is the one which flows in front of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates.

    Though translated as 'in front of' Assyria, this usage links the eastern flow of the river to a sense of precedence and origin in the land’s layout.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does qidmah mean in Hebrew?

Qidmah means 'east' and often carries a sense of direction toward the rising sun. It is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe geographical locations, particularly those associated with beginnings or precedence.

Why is the east significant in the Bible?

The east is significant because it marks the direction of the sunrise, symbolizing light, new beginnings, and divine presence. In ancient Israel, it was often associated with important spiritual and geographical landmarks.

How many times does qidmah appear in Scripture?

Qidmah appears only three times in the Hebrew Bible, in Genesis 4:16, Genesis 2:14, and I Samuel 13:5. Its rarity highlights its specific use in key narrative moments involving direction and separation.

Is qidmah different from other words for east?

While other terms like kedem also mean east, qidmah specifically emphasizes the eastern quarter or front. It is often used in contexts where precise location or symbolic direction is important to the story.

Every Occurrence (3 verses across 2 books)