עֹ֫שֶׁק (o.sheq)

The noun ošeq denotes oppression, specifically referring to the act of injuring or extorting others for personal gain. In the Hebrew Bible, it describes a systemic abuse of power where the strong exploit the weak, often through unjust legal means or economic coercion. This is not merely rough treatment but a calculated taking that violates social and divine justice.

Its usage frequently appears in prophetic literature, such as Isaiah and Jeremiah, to condemn leaders who enrich themselves at the expense of the vulnerable. The term captures both the violent act of oppression and the ill-gotten gain itself, highlighting how injustice corrupts the social fabric. It serves as a stark reminder that true righteousness requires protecting those who cannot protect themselves.

Translators often render ošeq as "oppression" or "extortion," depending on context. When Isaiah speaks of it, he highlights the moral failure of those in authority who should defend the poor but instead prey upon them. This word underscores the biblical demand for equitable treatment and condemns any system that prioritizes profit over human dignity.