סִינַי (si.nay)
si.nay
Sinai
N:N--LQuick Reference
- Language
- Biblical Hebrew
- Testament
- Old Testament
- Occurrences
- 32 verses
- Root
- —
- Part of speech
- N:N--L
Word Overview
Sinai is the proper name for the mountainous region in the southern peninsula where Moses received the Law from God. The sources note that its exact location remains unknown, though it is traditionally situated between the two gulfs of the Red Sea. While some suggest a meaning related to thorns or clay, the derivation of the word itself is uncertain.
This name appears most frequently in the books of Exodus and Numbers, often paired with "mount" to specify the place of revelation. It serves as the geographic anchor for key events, such as the giving of the Ten Commandments and the establishment of the covenant. The surrounding wilderness is also designated as the Desert of Sinai, marking the long period of Israel's journey before entering the Promised Land.
The term carries significant theological weight by identifying the specific site of divine instruction. Later biblical poetry recalls this moment to emphasize God’s power and presence, as seen in Psalm 68:8-17, which describes the mountain trembling at the Lord’s arrival. The name thus preserves the memory of a foundational encounter between God and His people.
Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).
What This Word Means for Your Faith
Mount Sinai stands as a permanent marker in the story of God’s people, representing the moment divine instruction met human history. It is not merely a geographic location on an ancient map but the place where God chose to reveal His character through law and covenant. For believers today, this site reminds us that God desires relationship with His people, offering guidance that shapes community life and personal integrity.
The imagery of smoke and trembling earth in Exodus shows the weight of this encounter. When Moses came down from the mountain, his face shone because he had been in the presence of the Holy One. This suggests that encountering God’s truth changes us from the inside out. The laws given there were not meant to burden Israel but to protect them and show them how to live in harmony with their Creator.
Reflecting on Sinai invites us to consider where we encounter divine guidance in our own lives. Whether through Scripture, conscience, or community, God continues to speak. The mountain reminds us that His word is solid ground in a shifting world, offering stability and direction for those who seek to follow it.
How it's translated
How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 32 verses where it appears, by frequency.
- Sinai32×
- from/ Sinai1×
Forms in the text
The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.
- סִינַ֔י9×
- סִינָֽי\׃7×
- סִינָ֑י6×
- סִינַ֖י5×
- סִינָֽי\׃\ \פ2×
- סִינַי֙2×
- סִ֠ינַי1×
- מִ/סִּינַ֥י1×
Key Verses
-
Exodus 19:18
All of Mount Sinai smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly.
This verse captures the overwhelming physical reality of God’s presence, showing that Sinai was a place where the boundary between heaven and earth seemed to dissolve in fire and smoke.
-
Exodus 31:18
When he finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai, he gave Moses the two tablets of the covenant, stone tablets, written with God’s finger.
Here the focus shifts from the mountain’s terror to its gift, highlighting that the ultimate purpose of the encounter was the giving of the covenant tablets written by God’s own finger.
-
Exodus 34:29
When Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the two tablets of the covenant in Moses’ hand, when he came down from the mountain, Moses didn’t know that the skin of his face shone by reason of his speaking with him.
This occurrence illustrates the transformative effect of divine fellowship, as Moses’ radiance served as a visible sign to the people that he had been in God’s presence.
-
Numbers 1:1
Yahweh spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, in the Tent of Meeting, on the first day of the second month, in the second year after they had come out of the land of Egypt, saying,
By placing the census in the wilderness of Sinai, this verse shows how the location remained the administrative and spiritual center for Israel even after the initial revelation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does Sinai mean in the Bible?
Where is Mount Sinai located today?
Why is Sinai significant for Christians?
Every Occurrence (32 verses across 6 books)
Exodus 13 verses
They took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin,…
Exodus 19:1In the third month after the children of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on that same day they came into the…
Exodus 19:2When they had departed from Rephidim, and had come to the wilderness of Sinai, they encamped in the wilderness; and…
Exodus 19:11and be ready for the third day; for on the third day Yahweh will come down in the sight of all the people on Mount…
Exodus 19:18All of Mount Sinai smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace,…
Exodus 19:20Yahweh came down on Mount Sinai, to the top of the mountain. Yahweh called Moses to the top of the mountain, and Moses…
Exodus 19:23Moses said to Yahweh, “The people can’t come up to Mount Sinai, for you warned us, saying, ‘Set bounds around the…
Exodus 24:16Yahweh’s glory settled on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days. The seventh day he called to Moses out of the…
Exodus 31:18When he finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai, he gave Moses the two tablets of the covenant, stone tablets,…
Exodus 34:2Be ready by the morning, and come up in the morning to Mount Sinai, and present yourself there to me on the top of the…
Exodus 34:4He chiseled two tablets of stone like the first; then Moses rose up early in the morning, and went up to Mount Sinai,…
Exodus 34:29When Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the two tablets of the covenant in Moses’ hand, when he came down from the…
Exodus 34:32Afterward all the children of Israel came near, and he gave them all the commandments that Yahweh had spoken with him…