סָגַר (sa.gar)
sa.gar
to shut
H:VQuick Reference
- Language
- Biblical Hebrew
- Testament
- Old Testament
- Occurrences
- 77 verses
- Root
- —
- Part of speech
- H:V
Word Overview
The Hebrew verb sâgar means to shut, close, or seal something off. It appears in seventy-seven verses, with significant usage in Leviticus regarding skin diseases and in narratives like 1 Samuel and Isaiah. The core action involves creating a barrier that prevents entry or exit, whether applied to physical doors, city gates, or natural obstacles.
Its range extends beyond simple closure to include the idea of confinement or surrender. In the Piel stem, it can mean to deliver someone up into a closed space, effectively handing them over. This dual sense of closing and imprisoning is visible when God shuts up Rahab’s womb (1 Samuel 1:6) or when the desert shuts in a people (Exodus 14:3).
A notable nuance is its use for conditions that are sealed shut, such as a skin affliction or a breach in a wall. The sources note that the passive participle can describe something tightly joined or closed up, implying a state of being trapped or isolated. This theological weight transforms a physical act into a symbol of divine restriction or protection.
Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).
What This Word Means for Your Faith
The word sâgar describes an act of closing that creates a clear boundary. In Genesis, God shuts Noah inside the ark, creating a space of safety amidst destruction. This image reminds us that divine protection often involves setting limits. When we feel enclosed by circumstances, it can be helpful to remember that these boundaries are not always signs of abandonment. They can serve as places where we are kept safe until the storm passes.
Leviticus uses this term for isolating those with skin conditions. While this might seem harsh today, the intent was to protect the community from illness and to give the individual time to heal. It reflects a care that values both physical health and social well-being. We see here that separation can be an act of love, allowing space for restoration rather than just exclusion.
Ultimately, this word points to God’s sovereignty over access and safety. He is the one who opens doors and closes them. Trusting in His timing means believing that even when we feel shut out or confined, He is working for our good. We can rest in the knowledge that no barrier is beyond His control.
How it's translated
How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 77 verses where it appears, by frequency.
- pure gold6×
- and/ he will shut up5×
- he has delivered up3×
- and/ he will shut up/ him3×
- and/ he closed3×
- they will be shut2×
- he had closed2×
- gold plate2×
- and/ they will be shut up2×
- and/ she shut2×
- and/ he delivered up2×
- ¿/ will they deliver up/ me1×
Forms in the text
The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.
- סָג֑וּר7×
- סָגַ֥ר4×
- וַ/יִּסְגֹּ֥ר3×
- וְ/הִסְגִּיר֥/וֹ3×
- וַ/יַּסְגֵּ֣ר2×
- וְ/הִסְגִּ֧יר2×
- וְ/הִסְגִּ֥יר2×
- תַּסְגֵּ֥ר1×
- תַּסְגִּרֵ֙/נִי֙1×
- תִּסָּגֵ֞ר1×
- סָּגְר֑וּ1×
- סֻגַּ֥ר1×
Key Verses
-
Genesis 7:16
Those who went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God commanded him; then Yahweh shut him in.
This verse shows God actively shutting Noah inside the ark, establishing a physical boundary that ensures survival during the flood.
-
Leviticus 13:4
If the bright spot is white in the skin of his body, and its appearance isn’t deeper than the skin, and its hair hasn’t turned white, then the priest shall isolate the infected person for seven days.
The priest orders isolation for seven days to monitor a skin condition, using closure as a method of care and community protection.
-
Joshua 6:1
Now Jericho was tightly shut up because of the children of Israel. No one went out, and no one came in.
Jericho is described as tightly shut up, highlighting how human defenses can be completely sealed against Israel until God acts.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does sâgar mean in the Bible?
Why does Leviticus use sâgar for skin diseases?
Does God shut people out in the Bible?
Every Occurrence (77 verses across 22 books)
Genesis 4 verses
Yahweh God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep. As the man slept, he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh…
Genesis 7:16Those who went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God commanded him; then Yahweh shut him in.
Genesis 19:6Lot went out to them through the door, and shut the door after himself.
Genesis 19:10But the men reached out their hand, and brought Lot into the house to them, and shut the door.