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מַ֫טָּה (mat.tah)

mat.tah

beneath

H4295 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 16 verses

H:A

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
16 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:A

Word Overview

The Hebrew word mat.tah functions as an adverb meaning "beneath" or "downwards." It describes physical position below something else, such as lying under a shelter or standing below a height. In some contexts, it indicates direction, moving toward a lower place.

One notable usage appears in Proverbs 25:21, where the text advises feeding an enemy who is "beneath" hunger, implying a state of being under the pressure of need. This spatial preposition helps ground abstract concepts in physical reality, showing how Hebrew often uses concrete location to express relational or situational states.

Its root likely relates to descent or lowering, reinforcing its sense of downward movement or subordination. Translators typically render it as "under," "below," or "beneath" depending on context. The word appears sixteen times in the Hebrew Bible, primarily in wisdom literature and historical narratives where physical positioning matters.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word mat.tah paints a picture of being situated below or under something else. In the ancient world, this was not just about physical height but also about status and security. When God promises that His people will be "above only" and never beneath (Deuteronomy 28:13), He is offering a vision of protection and honor. It reminds us that our standing before Him is secure, grounded in His faithfulness rather than our own shifting circumstances.

Yet this word also appears in moments of humility and limitation. Jeremiah uses it to describe the foundations of the earth searched out beneath (Jeremiah 31:37), emphasizing how vast God’s knowledge is compared to our limited reach. It invites us to rest in the truth that while we may feel small or low, we are held by a Creator who sees everything from above. This perspective brings comfort when life feels overwhelming.

Ultimately, mat.tah helps us understand our place in creation. We are not alone in our struggles, nor are we abandoned in our low points. God’s presence surrounds us, whether we are high or low, and His love remains constant. Let this truth encourage you to trust Him fully, knowing that your life is anchored in His unchanging care.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 16 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • <to>/ downwards7×
  • from/ to/ downwards6×
  • downwards2×
  • beneath1×
  • and/ <to>/ downwards1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • לְ/מָ֑טָּה4×
  • מִ/לְּ/מַטָּה֒2×
  • מָּֽטָּה\׃1×
  • מָֽטָּה\׃1×
  • מַ֥טָּה1×
  • מִ/לְּ/מָ֑טָּה1×
  • מִ/לְּ/מַ֙טָּה֙1×
  • מִ/לְּ/מַ֖טָּה1×
  • מִ/לְ/מַ֙טָּה֙1×
  • לְ/מַֽטָּה\־1×
  • לְ/מַ֥טָּה1×
  • לְ/מַ֙טָּה֙1×

Key Verses

  • Deuteronomy 28:13
    Yahweh will make you the head, and not the tail. You will be above only, and you will not be beneath, if you listen to the commandments of Yahweh your God which I command you today, to observe and to do,

    This verse contrasts being above with being beneath to illustrate the blessing of obedience and God’s protective favor over His people.

  • Jeremiah 31:37
    Yahweh says: “If heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, then I will also cast off all the offspring of Israel for all that they have done,” says Yahweh.

    The word describes the deepest foundations of the earth, highlighting the limits of human measurement against God’s infinite knowledge.

  • Exodus 26:24
    They shall be double beneath, and in the same way they shall be whole to its top to one ring: thus shall it be for them both; they shall be for the two corners.

    It specifies the structural placement of the tabernacle curtains, showing how precise physical arrangements reflected divine order and care.

  • Proverbs 15:24
    The path of life leads upward for the wise, to keep him from going downward to Sheol.

    The wise person’s path leads upward to avoid going downward to Sheol, using spatial direction as a metaphor for life choices.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does mat.tah mean in the Bible?

Mat.tah is a Hebrew adverb meaning "beneath" or "under." It describes physical position below something else, such as lying under a shelter or standing below a height. In some contexts, it indicates direction, moving toward a lower place.

How is mat.tah used in Deuteronomy 28:13?

In Deuteronomy 28:13, the word appears in God’s promise that Israel will be "above only" and not beneath if they obey His commandments. This usage contrasts honor and protection with shame and subjugation, emphasizing the blessings of covenant faithfulness.

Does mat.tah have a spiritual meaning?

While primarily spatial, mat.tah can carry symbolic weight. For example, Proverbs 15:24 uses it to describe going downward to Sheol, linking physical descent with moral or spiritual decline. It reminds readers that our choices have consequences that extend beyond the physical realm.

Every Occurrence (16 verses across 10 books)