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בִּלְתִּי (bil.ti)

bil.ti

lest

H1115 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 89 verses

H:Cond

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
89 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:Cond

Word Overview

The Hebrew word bilti functions as a versatile negative particle, primarily meaning "not," "except," or "lest." Its core sense derives from the idea of failure or emptiness, which evolved into a general marker for negation. In Scripture, it often appears with prepositions to create nuanced meanings like "without" or "unless," serving as a critical tool for setting boundaries and conditions in legal and narrative texts.

A key distinction lies in its use after another negation to mean "except." For example, in Genesis 21:26, Abraham points out that he took the sheep "except" for those mentioned, clarifying a previous negative statement. This usage helps refine logical statements, ensuring precision in agreements and prohibitions found throughout the Pentateuch.

The word also carries a strong sense of purpose or result, often translated as "so as not" or "in order that... not." In Exodus 8:22, God sets a boundary for Israel "that no" harm should come to them in Goshen. This highlights bilti’s role in defining divine protection and the specific limits of judgment, particularly in the prophetic books like Jeremiah where it underscores the consequences of disobedience.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word bilti often translates as 'lest' or 'so that... not,' marking a boundary between action and consequence. It appears in moments where God sets clear limits to protect His people, such as warning against forgetting Him in Deuteronomy 8:11. This usage reminds us that divine commands are not arbitrary restrictions but safeguards for our well-being.

When we encounter this term in Scripture, it highlights the importance of obedience as a response to God's care. It invites reflection on how our choices align with His will, ensuring that we remain within the path He has set before us. This awareness fosters a heart attentive to His guidance.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 89 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • to/ not63×
  • except10×
  • not8×
  • and/ to/ not6×
  • except/ me1×
  • [is] not1×
  • [is] except/ you1×
  • [is] except1×
  • <of> not1×
  • <from>/ because not1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֖י15×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֥י11×
  • בִּלְתִּ֥י11×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֛י6×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֤י5×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֣י5×
  • בִּלְתִּ֖י5×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּי\־4×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֨י4×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֧י3×
  • לְ/בִלְתִּ֗י3×
  • וּ/לְ/בִלְתִּ֛י3×

Key Verses

  • Deuteronomy 8:11
    Beware lest you forget Yahweh your God, in not keeping his commandments, his ordinances, and his statutes, which I command you today;

    This verse uses bilti to warn against forgetting God, linking obedience directly to the preservation of memory and faithfulness.

  • Genesis 38:9
    Onan knew that the offspring wouldn’t be his; and when he went in to his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground, lest he should give offspring to his brother.

    Here bilti explains Onan's motive, showing how the word clarifies intent behind actions that violated familial duty.

  • Exodus 20:20
    Moses said to the people, “Don’t be afraid, for God has come to test you, and that his fear may be before you, that you won’t sin.”

    Moses uses this concept to explain that God's purpose in testing is to instill a fear that prevents sin, not to cause harm.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the Hebrew word bilti mean?

Bilti is a negative particle that typically means 'not,' 'lest,' or 'except.' It functions to set boundaries, express purpose (so that... not), or indicate exceptions in logical statements.

How is bilti different from other Hebrew negations?

While simple negations like 'lo' deny facts, bilti often introduces a purpose or result clause, such as 'so that not.' It also frequently appears after another negative to mean 'except,' adding precision to legal and narrative texts.

Where does bilti appear in the Bible?

It occurs 89 times, primarily in the Pentateuch. Key examples include Deuteronomy 8:11 (warning against forgetting God) and Genesis 38:9 (explaining Onan's motive).

Every Occurrence (89 verses across 20 books)

Genesis 8 verses
Exodus 2 verses
Leviticus 3 verses
Numbers 6 verses
Deuteronomy 6 verses
Joshua 9 verses
Judges 4 verses
Ruth 3 verses
I Samuel 2 verses
II Samuel 3 verses
I Kings 3 verses
II Kings 3 verses
I Chronicles 1 verse
II Chronicles 1 verse
Job 2 verses
Isaiah 5 verses
Jeremiah 23 verses
Daniel 2 verses
Hosea 1 verse
Amos 2 verses