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אַיָּל (ay.yal)

ay.yal

deer

H0354 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 9 verses

H:N-M

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
9 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:N-M

Definition

Definition

stag, deer, hart

Brown-Driver-Briggs

אַיָּל n.[m.] (f. ψ 42:2) hart, stag, deer

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

stag, deer, hart

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The Hebrew word for deer, ayial, appears in Scripture to describe creatures known for their agility and grace. In the Old Testament law, these animals were listed among the clean beasts that God permitted His people to eat (Deuteronomy 12:15). This inclusion highlights God’s provision of diverse food sources and His care for the physical well-being of Israel.

Beyond dietary laws, the deer serves as a vivid metaphor in the poetic books. In the Song of Solomon, lovers compare themselves to these swift animals, evoking images of beauty, freedom, and eager movement (Song of Solomon 2:9). The imagery suggests a relationship marked by vitality and mutual desire, rather than stiffness or duty.

Even in times of distress, the deer offers a picture of hope. Isaiah promises that in the messianic age, the lame will leap like the deer (Isaiah 35:6). This image assures believers that God restores strength to the weak and brings joy where there was once limitation.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 9 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • the/ deer<s>3×
  • and/ like <the>/ deer2×
  • the/ deer1×
  • like/ deer1×
  • like <the>/ deer1×
  • a deer1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • וְ/כָ/אַיָּֽל\׃2×
  • כָּֽ/אַיָּל֙1×
  • כְּ/אַיָּלִים֙1×
  • הָֽ/אַיָּלִ֔ים1×
  • הָֽ/אַיָּלִ֑ים1×
  • הָ֣/אַיָּ֔ל1×
  • הָ/אַיָּלִ֖ים1×
  • אַיָּ֥ל1×

Key Verses

  • Deuteronomy 12:15
    Yet you may kill and eat meat within all your gates, after all the desire of your soul, according to Yahweh your God’s blessing which he has given you. The unclean and the clean may eat of it, as of the gazelle and the deer.

    This verse classifies the deer as a clean animal, showing how God provided specific dietary guidelines for Israel's health and worship.

  • Song of Solomon 2:9
    My beloved is like a roe or a young deer. Behold, he stands behind our wall! He looks in at the windows. He glances through the lattice.

    The beloved is compared to a young deer here, using the animal's agility and beauty to describe the lover's eager presence.

  • Isaiah 35:6
    Then the lame man will leap like a deer, and the tongue of the mute will sing; for waters will break out in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.

    The prophet uses the leaping deer as a powerful symbol of physical healing and restored vitality in God's future kingdom.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the word ayial mean in the Bible?

Ayial is the Hebrew word for deer. It appears in the Old Testament to identify a specific type of clean animal allowed for food and as a metaphor for grace, agility, and strength.

Is the deer mentioned as a clean or unclean animal?

The deer is explicitly listed as a clean animal in Deuteronomy 14:5. This meant that ancient Israelites could legally eat its meat and use it for offerings, unlike animals such as pigs or rabbits.

Why are deer used as metaphors in the Bible?

Deer are often used to symbolize agility, beauty, and freedom. In Song of Solomon, they represent the lover's swift and graceful movement. In Isaiah, they symbolize the restoration of strength for those who were previously weak.

Every Occurrence (9 verses across 4 books)