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אָדוֹן (a.don)

a.don

lord

H0113 · Hebrew · Old Testament · 261 verses

H:N-M

Quick Reference

Language
Biblical Hebrew
Testament
Old Testament
Occurrences
261 verses
Root
—
Part of speech
H:N-M

Word Overview

The noun adon designates a lord or master, conveying authority and ownership. It applies to human figures such as household heads, kings, and husbands, highlighting their role as rulers over others. In Genesis 24:14, Abraham’s servant uses it to identify his master, while in 1 Kings 16:24, it refers to Omri as the owner of Samaria’s hill. The term establishes a clear hierarchy where the adon holds power and responsibility.

When applied to God, adon emphasizes His supreme sovereignty over creation. It appears in Joshua 3:13 as "Lord of all the earth," affirming divine control over nature and history. This usage distinguishes God from human rulers by underscoring His universal dominion. The plural form adonai often parallels Yahweh, reinforcing the belief that God alone is the ultimate sovereign.

Translators typically render adon as "lord" or "master," capturing its sense of authority without reducing it to mere title. The word’s flexibility allows it to describe both earthly and divine leadership, reflecting a worldview where all power ultimately derives from God. Its frequent use in historical books like Genesis and Kings illustrates how ancient Israelites understood relationships between people and their rulers.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The Hebrew word adon carries the weight of authority and ownership. In the ancient world, it described a master who held power over servants or a ruler with responsibility for his people. When you encounter this term in Scripture, it establishes a clear hierarchy where the one addressed holds significant influence and care.

For your faith, this word offers a profound comfort. It reminds us that God is not a distant observer but the supreme adon of all creation. Just as Abraham’s servant trusted his master’s provision in Genesis 24, we can rest in the sovereignty of the Lord who guides our steps and holds our future in His hands.

This understanding invites us to view our relationship with God through the lens of trust. Recognizing Him as the ultimate Master helps us navigate life’s uncertainties with peace, knowing that true authority is exercised with both power and faithful kindness.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 261 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • lord/ my66×
  • O lord/ my48×
  • master/ my33×
  • master<s>/ his31×
  • master<s>/ your26×
  • to/ lord/ my10×
  • the/ lord8×
  • master<s>/ their5×
  • and/ lord/ my5×
  • lord<s>/ your4×
  • to/ master<s>/ your3×
  • to/ master/ my3×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • אֲדֹנִ֣/י30×
  • אֲדֹנִ֖/י23×
  • אֲדֹנִ֥/י19×
  • אֲדֹנִ֔/י19×
  • אֲדֹנִֽ/י\׃13×
  • אֲדֹנִ֑/י11×
  • אֲדֹנִ/י֙9×
  • אֲדֹנָ֔י/ו8×
  • אֲדֹנָי/ו֙6×
  • אֲדֹנָֽי/ו\׃5×
  • אֲדֹנָ֖י/ו5×
  • אֲדֹנִֽ/י\־5×

Key Verses

  • Genesis 24:12
    He said, “Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, please give me success today, and show kindness to my master Abraham.

    The servant explicitly links his mission to the God of his master, showing how human loyalty points toward divine providence.

  • Genesis 24:48
    I bowed my head, and worshiped Yahweh, and blessed Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, who had led me in the right way to take my master’s brother’s daughter for his son.

    Here the word underscores the personal nature of God’s guidance, as the servant worships Yahweh for leading him to the right path.

  • Genesis 18:3
    and said, “My lord, if now I have found favor in your sight, please don’t go away from your servant.

    Abraham addresses God with this term, blending deep reverence with intimate trust in a moment of intercession.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does adon mean in the Bible?

Adon means lord or master. It denotes a person who has authority, ownership, or control over others. In the Old Testament, it is used for human rulers and servants, but also frequently for God to highlight His supreme power.

How is adon different from Yahweh?

Yahweh is the personal covenant name of God, while adon is a title meaning master or lord. Adon describes the relationship of authority, whereas Yahweh identifies who God is in relation to His people. They are often used together to show both identity and sovereignty.

Why do servants use this word for their masters?

Using adon acknowledged the master’s legal and social authority. It was a standard term of respect in ancient Near Eastern culture, reflecting the hierarchical structure where the master provided for and directed the servant.

Every Occurrence (261 verses across 25 books)

Genesis 57 verses
Genesis 18:3

and said, “My lord, if now I have found favor in your sight, please don’t go away from your servant.

Genesis 18:12

Sarah laughed within herself, saying, “After I have grown old will I have pleasure, my lord being old also?”

Genesis 19:2

and he said, “See now, my lords, please come into your servant’s house, stay all night, wash your feet, and you can…

Genesis 23:6

“Hear us, my lord. You are a prince of God among us. Bury your dead in the best of our tombs. None of us will withhold…

Genesis 23:11

“No, my lord, hear me. I give you the field, and I give you the cave that is in it. In the presence of the children of…

Genesis 23:15

“My lord, listen to me. What is a piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver between me and you? Therefore bury…

Genesis 24:9

The servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and swore to him concerning this matter.

Genesis 24:10

The servant took ten of his master’s camels, and departed, having a variety of good things of his master’s with him. He…

Genesis 24:12

He said, “Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, please give me success today, and show kindness to my master Abraham.

Genesis 24:14

Let it happen, that the young lady to whom I will say, ‘Please let down your pitcher, that I may drink,’ then she says,…

Genesis 24:18

She said, “Drink, my lord.” She hurried, and let down her pitcher on her hand, and gave him a drink.

Genesis 24:27

He said, “Blessed be Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, who has not forsaken his loving kindness and his truth…

Genesis 24:35

Yahweh has blessed my master greatly. He has become great. Yahweh has given him flocks and herds, silver and gold, male…

Genesis 24:36

Sarah, my master’s wife, bore a son to my master when she was old. He has given all that he has to him.

Genesis 24:37

My master made me swear, saying, ‘You shall not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, in whose…

Genesis 24:39

I asked my master, ‘What if the woman will not follow me?’

Genesis 24:42

I came today to the spring, and said, ‘Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, if now you do prosper my way which I go—

Genesis 24:44

then she tells me, “Drink, and I will also draw for your camels,”—let her be the woman whom Yahweh has appointed for my…

Genesis 24:48

I bowed my head, and worshiped Yahweh, and blessed Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, who had led me in the right…

Genesis 24:49

Now if you will deal kindly and truly with my master, tell me. If not, tell me, that I may turn to the right hand, or…

Genesis 24:51

Behold, Rebekah is before you. Take her, and go, and let her be your master’s son’s wife, as Yahweh has spoken.”

Genesis 24:54

They ate and drank, he and the men who were with him, and stayed all night. They rose up in the morning, and he said,…

Genesis 24:56

He said to them, “Don’t hinder me, since Yahweh has prospered my way. Send me away that I may go to my master.”

Genesis 24:65

She said to the servant, “Who is the man who is walking in the field to meet us?” The servant said, “It is my master.”…

Genesis 31:35

She said to her father, “Don’t let my lord be angry that I can’t rise up before you; for I’m having my period.” He…

Genesis 33:8

Esau said, “What do you mean by all this company which I met?” Jacob said, “To find favor in the sight of my lord.”

Genesis 33:13

Jacob said to him, “My lord knows that the children are tender, and that the flocks and herds with me have their young,…

Genesis 33:14

Please let my lord pass over before his servant, and I will lead on gently, according to the pace of the livestock that…

Genesis 33:15

Esau said, “Let me now leave with you some of the people who are with me.” He said, “Why? Let me find favor in the…

Genesis 39:2

Yahweh was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man. He was in the house of his master the Egyptian.

Genesis 39:3

His master saw that Yahweh was with him, and that Yahweh made all that he did prosper in his hand.

Genesis 39:7

After these things, his master’s wife set her eyes on Joseph; and she said, “Lie with me.”

Genesis 39:8

But he refused, and said to his master’s wife, “Behold, my master doesn’t know what is with me in the house, and he has…

Genesis 39:16

She laid up his garment by her, until his master came home.

Genesis 39:19

When his master heard the words of his wife, which she spoke to him, saying, “This is what your servant did to me,” his…

Genesis 39:20

Joseph’s master took him, and put him into the prison, the place where the king’s prisoners were bound, and he was…

Genesis 40:1

After these things, the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord, the king of Egypt.

Genesis 40:7

He asked Pharaoh’s officers who were with him in custody in his master’s house, saying, “Why do you look so sad today?”

Genesis 42:10

They said to him, “No, my lord, but your servants have come to buy food.

Genesis 42:30

“The man, the lord of the land, spoke roughly with us, and took us for spies of the country.

Genesis 42:33

The man, the lord of the land, said to us, ‘By this I will know that you are honest men: leave one of your brothers…

Genesis 43:20

and said, “Oh, my lord, we indeed came down the first time to buy food.

Genesis 44:5

Isn’t this that from which my lord drinks, and by which he indeed divines? You have done evil in so doing.’”

Genesis 44:7

They said to him, “Why does my lord speak such words as these? Far be it from your servants that they should do such a…

Genesis 44:8

Behold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan. How then…

Genesis 44:9

With whomever of your servants it is found, let him die, and we also will be my lord’s slaves.”

Genesis 44:16

Judah said, “What will we tell my lord? What will we speak? How will we clear ourselves? God has found out the iniquity…

Genesis 44:18

Then Judah came near to him, and said, “Oh, my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord’s ears, and don’t…

Genesis 44:19

My lord asked his servants, saying, ‘Have you a father, or a brother?’

Genesis 44:20

We said to my lord, ‘We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead,…

Genesis 44:22

We said to my lord, ‘The boy can’t leave his father, for if he should leave his father, his father would die.’

Genesis 44:24

When we came up to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord.

Genesis 44:33

Now therefore, please let your servant stay instead of the boy, my lord’s slave; and let the boy go up with his…

Genesis 45:8

So now it wasn’t you who sent me here, but God, and he has made me a father to Pharaoh, lord of all his house, and…

Genesis 45:9

Hurry, and go up to my father, and tell him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says, “God has made me lord of all Egypt.…

Genesis 47:18

When that year was ended, they came to him the second year, and said to him, “We will not hide from my lord how our…

Genesis 47:25

They said, “You have saved our lives! Let us find favor in the sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh’s servants.”

Exodus 8 verses
Numbers 5 verses
Deuteronomy 1 verse
Joshua 1 verse
Judges 7 verses
Ruth 1 verse
I Samuel 27 verses
II Samuel 35 verses
I Kings 30 verses
II Kings 35 verses
I Chronicles 2 verses
II Chronicles 2 verses
Nehemiah 2 verses
Job 1 verse
Psalms 8 verses
Proverbs 3 verses
Isaiah 14 verses
Jeremiah 5 verses
Daniel 5 verses
Amos 1 verse
Micah 1 verse
Zephaniah 1 verse
Zechariah 7 verses
Malachi 2 verses