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ὄγδοος (ogdoos)

ogdoos

eighth

G3590 · Greek · New Testament · 5 verses

Quick Reference

Language
Koine Greek
Testament
New Testament
Occurrences
5 verses
Root
—

Word Overview

The adjective ogdoos simply means "eighth." It is a straightforward ordinal number used to count in sequence, appearing in only five verses across the New Testament. Its usage is sparse but specific, found in the Gospel of Luke, Acts, 2 Peter, and twice in Revelation.

In Luke 1:59 and Acts 7:3, the word describes the timing of circumcision on the eighth day after birth, following Jewish custom. In 2 Peter 2:5, Noah is called "the eighth," highlighting that he and his family were the sole survivors of the flood among eight people total. This usage emphasizes completeness or a new beginning after a cycle of seven.

The term appears twice in Revelation (17:11; 21:20), referring to the eighth king and the eighth foundation stone, respectively. These instances connect the number eight with restoration and eternal order. The word carries no hidden metaphorical weight beyond its numerical value, serving as a precise marker of time or quantity.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word ogdoos points to the eighth day, a time when Jewish families followed the covenant of circumcision (Luke 1:59). This act marked a child’s entry into God’s people, showing that faith is passed down through generations and community.

In 2 Peter 2:5, Noah is called “the eighth,” reminding us that God preserves those who trust Him even in judgment. The flood cleansed the earth, but Noah’s family survived to start again, showing God’s mercy endures beyond destruction.

Revelation uses ogdoos for an eighth king and an eighth foundation stone (Rev 17:11; 21:20). These images suggest a new order after old cycles end. For believers, this means hope in God’s final restoration, where broken things are made whole and eternal life begins.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 5 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • eighth2×
  • one of eight1×
  • eighth,1×
  • an eighth1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • ὄγδοός1×
  • ὄγδοος1×
  • ὄγδοον1×
  • ὀγδόῃ,1×
  • ὀγδόῃ1×

Key Verses

  • Luke 1:59
    On the eighth day, they came to circumcise the child; and they would have called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.

    This verse shows the word marking the specific day of circumcision, linking the number to covenant identity.

  • Acts 7:8
    He gave him the covenant of circumcision. So Abraham became the father of Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day. Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob became the father of the twelve patriarchs.

    Here the term reinforces the timing of Abraham’s obedience, grounding the promise in a physical sign.

  • II Peter 2:5
    and didn’t spare the ancient world, but preserved Noah with seven others, a preacher of righteousness, when he brought a flood on the world of the ungodly,

    Peter uses it to highlight Noah as the sole survivor among eight, emphasizing preservation through judgment.

  • Revelation of John 17:11
    The beast that was, and is not, is himself also an eighth, and is of the seven; and he goes to destruction.

    The beast is called an eighth king, suggesting a revival or counterfeit of past powers in the end times.

  • Revelation of John 21:20
    the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.

    The eighth foundation stone signifies the New Jerusalem’s perfect order, pointing to God’s eternal dwelling with His people.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does ogdoos mean in the Bible?

It is a Greek adjective meaning 'eighth'. It appears five times in the New Testament to mark time, people, or structures. The word itself has no hidden metaphor; its significance comes from how early Christians understood the number eight as a sign of new creation.

Why is Noah called 'the eighth' in 2 Peter?

Noah and his seven family members were the only survivors of the flood. Peter calls him 'the eighth' to highlight that he was the last one standing, preserved by God’s grace to begin a new human history after judgment.

How is ogdoos different from other numbers like seven?

While seven often symbolizes completion or rest, eight points to what comes after completion—a new beginning. In Jewish thought, circumcision happened on the eighth day, linking physical sign to spiritual renewal. This pattern continues in Revelation’s new creation imagery.

Where else does this word appear?

It appears in Luke 1:59 and Acts 7:8 for circumcision timing, in 2 Peter 2:5 for Noah, and twice in Revelation (17:11 and 21:20) for kings and foundation stones. Each use ties the number to God’s covenant or final restoration.

Every Occurrence (5 verses across 4 books)

Luke 1 verse
Acts 1 verse
II Peter 1 verse
Revelation of John 2 verses