δωδέκατος (dōdekatos)
dōdekatos
twelfth
Quick Reference
- Language
- Koine Greek
- Testament
- New Testament
- Occurrences
- 1 verses
- Root
- —
Word Overview
The word dōdekatos is a simple ordinal adjective meaning "twelfth." It appears only once in the New Testament, found in Revelation 21:21. In this context, it describes the twelve gates of the New Jerusalem, each made from a single pearl. The term serves as a precise numerical marker, anchoring the visionary imagery in concrete reality rather than abstract symbolism.
Its etymology is straightforward, derived directly from the number dōdeka ("twelve"). While "twelve" often carries theological weight in Scripture—representing the twelve tribes or apostles—the ordinal form here focuses on order and sequence. It does not add new meaning but specifies position within a set of twelve. This usage highlights the structured perfection of the heavenly city, where every element has its designated place.
Translators consistently render dōdekatos as "twelfth," reflecting its unambiguous nature. There is no need for interpretive nuance or alternative readings. The word’s sole occurrence underscores the meticulous detail in John’s vision, where even the gates are numbered and ordered. This precision reinforces the idea of a fully realized, complete creation.
Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).
What This Word Means for Your Faith
The word dōdekatos simply means "twelfth." In Revelation 21:20, it describes the precious stone on the twelfth foundation of the New Jerusalem. This small detail shows that God cares about order and precision in His creation. Every part of the holy city has a specific place and purpose.
For your faith, this reminds us that God is not chaotic. He builds with intention. When you feel overwhelmed by disorder in life, remember that the heavenly city is perfectly arranged. Your place in God's family is secure and known.
How it's translated
How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 1 verses where it appears, by frequency.
- twelfth1×
Forms in the text
The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.
- δωδέκατος1×
Key Verses
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Revelation of John 21:20
the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.
The term specifies the final stone in the sequence of foundations, completing the set of twelve.