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δέσμιος (desmios)

desmios

prisoner

G1198 · Greek · New Testament · 17 verses

Quick Reference

Language
Koine Greek
Testament
New Testament
Occurrences
17 verses
Root
—

Word Overview

The adjective desmios describes someone who is bound or captive, functioning as a concrete term for a prisoner. Its root relates to bonds or chains, grounding the word in physical restraint rather than abstract restriction. In the New Testament, it appears most frequently in the book of Acts and in Paul’s prison epistles, painting a vivid picture of confinement.

While often translated simply as "prisoner," the word carries the weight of being held fast. It describes Jesus’ release in Matthew 27:15 alongside Barabbas, highlighting the political reality of his arrest. Later, Paul uses it to describe his own status in Ephesians and Philippians. He refers to himself as a "prisoner of Christ," shifting the focus from Roman chains to spiritual allegiance.

This usage adds theological depth to the term. Being a desmios is not merely a legal status but a condition of service. In Ephesians 4:1, Paul urges believers to walk worthy of their calling while bound in the Lord, suggesting that this captivity is voluntary and purposeful. The word thus bridges the gap between physical imprisonment and devoted obedience.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word desmios reminds us that being bound does not always mean being defeated. In the New Testament, this term describes physical imprisonment, yet it also captures a deeper spiritual reality. Paul frequently calls himself a prisoner of Christ, showing that true freedom can look like voluntary service to God. His chains were not just metal bars but a testament to his unwavering loyalty.

When you feel confined by circumstances, this word offers a different perspective. Your current struggles might be part of a larger purpose, much like Paul’s imprisonment advanced the Gospel. Instead of seeing restriction as a dead end, consider it a place where faith is refined. You are held not by force, but by love.

This understanding invites us to view our own limitations with hope. Whether facing legal trouble or personal hardship, we are never alone in our bonds. God uses these moments to draw us closer to Him and to others who suffer. There is peace in knowing that your service matters deeply to the Lord.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 17 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • prisoner6×
  • a prisoner5×
  • prisoners3×
  • prisoners.2×
  • [as] a prisoner,1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • δέσμιος6×
  • δέσμιον5×
  • δέσμιος,1×
  • δέσμιοι.1×
  • δεσμίων1×
  • δεσμίους.¶1×
  • δεσμίους1×
  • δεσμίοις1×

Key Verses

  • Ephesians 4:1
    I therefore, the prisoner in the Lord, beg you to walk worthily of the calling with which you were called,

    Paul uses this term to urge believers to live lives worthy of their calling, linking spiritual freedom with voluntary obedience.

  • Philemon 1:9
    yet for love’s sake I rather appeal to you, being such a one as Paul, the aged, but also a prisoner of Jesus Christ.

    Here Paul appeals based on love rather than authority, highlighting that his imprisonment is a choice made for Christ.

  • Acts 28:16
    When we entered into Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the captain of the guard, but Paul was allowed to stay by himself with the soldier who guarded him.

    This verse shows Paul under guard in Rome, illustrating how physical confinement did not stop his witness to the leaders of Israel.

  • Hebrews 13:3
    Remember those who are in bonds, as bound with them, and those who are ill-treated, since you are also in the body.

    The writer commands readers to remember those in bonds, implying a shared spiritual solidarity with all who suffer for righteousness.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does desmios mean in the New Testament?

Desmios is an adjective meaning prisoner or captive. It describes someone who is physically bound or held in confinement. In the New Testament, it often refers to those imprisoned for their faith, such as Paul and Silas.

How is desmios different from other words for prisoner?

While other terms might focus on the legal status of a criminal, desmios emphasizes the state of being bound. It conveys the physical reality of restraint but is also used metaphorically to describe spiritual allegiance to Christ.

Why does Paul call himself a prisoner of Christ?

Paul uses this phrase to show that his imprisonment was not just a Roman punishment but a result of his devotion to Jesus. He views his captivity as a privilege and a form of service to the Gospel, rather than a shame.

Where else does this word appear in Scripture?

It appears in Matthew 27:15 regarding Barabbas, in Acts during Paul’s journeys, and in his prison epistles like Ephesians and Philemon. It also appears in Hebrews 13:3 when urging believers to remember those in chains.

Every Occurrence (17 verses across 7 books)

Matthew 2 verses
Mark 1 verse
Acts 7 verses
Ephesians 2 verses
II Timothy 1 verse
Philemon 2 verses
Hebrews 2 verses