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ἅρμα (harma)

harma

chariot

G0716 · Greek · New Testament · 4 verses

Quick Reference

Language
Koine Greek
Testament
New Testament
Occurrences
4 verses
Root
—

Word Overview

The Greek noun harma simply means a chariot, specifically a vehicle drawn by horses. Its root connects to the idea of joining or fitting together, reflecting how the parts of a war machine were assembled for use. In the New Testament, this word appears only four times, always in a military or royal context rather than as everyday transport.

Two occurrences in Acts describe the Ethiopian eunuch’s journey. He was riding in his chariot when Philip joined him, first reading Isaiah and then hearing the gospel explained (Acts 8:28-38). This use highlights harma as a personal vehicle of status and travel.

The remaining references are in Revelation. John sees visions of war horses whose breath kills men, and their heads resemble lions with fire, smoke, and sulfur issuing from their mouths (Revelation 9:9). Here, the chariot represents divine judgment and terrifying power, emphasizing its role as a weapon of war rather than a symbol of peace.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

The word harma refers to a chariot, a vehicle drawn by horses that signified power, speed, and high status in the ancient world. In the New Testament, it appears only four times, offering two distinct glimpses into how God uses such symbols. We see it first as a place of quiet study and personal journey, where an Ethiopian official sits reading Scripture until Philip joins him.

Later, in Revelation, the imagery shifts dramatically. John describes the terrifying sound of heavenly forces rushing to war like many chariots. Here, the vehicle represents divine judgment rather than human travel. Whether it carries a seeker toward faith or serves as a symbol of God’s ultimate authority, the chariot reminds us that God is active in history.

This word invites us to consider where we are headed and who guides our path. In moments of seeking truth, God may bring companions like Philip to explain His Word. In times of uncertainty, He remains sovereign over all forces, whether they serve peace or justice. We can trust that the same God who guided a chariot through the desert holds our lives in His hands.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 4 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • chariot2×
  • of chariots1×
  • chariot,1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • ἅρματος1×
  • ἅρματι1×
  • ἅρμα,1×
  • ἁρμάτων1×

Key Verses

  • Acts 8:28
    He was returning and sitting in his chariot, and was reading the prophet Isaiah.

    This verse establishes the chariot as a setting for personal spiritual seeking, showing the eunuch actively reading Isaiah before encountering the gospel.

  • Acts 8:29
    The Spirit said to Philip, “Go near, and join yourself to this chariot.”

    The Spirit’s command to join the chariot highlights divine intervention in human journeys, directing Philip to an unexpected place of ministry.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the Greek word harma mean?

Harma is a noun that simply means 'chariot,' specifically a wheeled vehicle drawn by horses. In the New Testament, it appears only four times and always refers to this type of transport or war machine.

Why does harma appear in both Acts and Revelation?

The word is used in Acts 8 to describe a personal vehicle where an Ethiopian official reads Scripture, highlighting a journey of faith. In Revelation 9:9, it describes the sound of heavenly forces in war, symbolizing divine judgment. These uses show the word’s range from personal travel to cosmic power.

Is harma used as a metaphor for anything else?

While the word itself literally means chariot, its context in Revelation 9:9 gives it symbolic weight. The 'sound of many chariots' represents the terrifying power and authority of God’s judgment, rather than just physical vehicles.

Every Occurrence (4 verses across 2 books)