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ἀπορέω (aporeō)

aporeō

be perplexed

G0639 · Greek · New Testament · 6 verses

Quick Reference

Language
Koine Greek
Testament
New Testament
Occurrences
6 verses
Root
—

Word Overview

The verb aporeō describes a state of being at a loss or deeply perplexed, literally meaning to have no way out or resources left. It conveys the feeling of being stuck when one does not know which direction to turn. In the New Testament, it appears six times, often capturing the confusion of those witnessing Jesus’ actions or hearing his teachings.

Its root combines a negative prefix with a word for "way" or "resource," emphasizing the absence of a clear path. The sources note its use in varied contexts: Herod was perplexed by John the Baptist (Mark 6:20), the disciples were doubtful about the resurrection news (Luke 24:4), and Peter wondered what Jesus meant by a specific saying (John 13:22). This range shows it applies to both intellectual confusion and emotional uncertainty.

Translators typically render it as "perplexed" or "doubtful," reflecting the internal struggle of someone who lacks the knowledge or means to resolve a situation. It is not merely surprise, but a genuine inability to decide or understand, leaving the person in a state of hesitation.

Based on public-domain lexicons (Strong's, Thayer, Gesenius, Brown-Driver-Briggs and others).

What This Word Means for Your Faith

There are moments in life when the path ahead seems completely blocked. The Greek word aporeō captures this feeling of being at a loss, where resources run out and no clear direction remains. It is not just surprise; it is a deep sense of being stuck, unable to decide or understand what comes next. This state often brings anxiety, but it also reveals our need for guidance beyond ourselves.

In Scripture, this perplexity appears in real human experiences. Herod was confused by John the Baptist’s integrity. The disciples struggled to grasp the news of Jesus’ resurrection. Paul felt uncertain about how to guide the Galatian church. These examples show that even faithful people face moments of confusion. It is okay to admit when you do not have the answers.

When you feel perplexed, remember that God meets you in your uncertainty. You do not need to force clarity immediately. Instead, bring your questions to Him. His peace can sustain you even when the way forward is unclear. Trust that He is working even when you cannot see it.

How it's translated

How this word is rendered word-by-word in the 6 verses where it appears, by frequency.

  • perplexing1×
  • he was perplexed1×
  • being uncertain1×
  • being perplexed1×
  • I am perplexed1×
  • Being perplexed1×

Forms in the text

The inflected forms of this word as they appear in Scripture, by frequency.

  • ἀπορούμενοι2×
  • ἠπόρει,1×
  • ἀποροῦμαι1×
  • ἀπορούμενος1×
  • ἀπορεῖσθαι1×

Key Verses

  • Luke 24:4
    While they were greatly perplexed about this, behold, two men stood by them in dazzling clothing.

    This verse shows how perplexity often precedes divine revelation, as the women’s confusion sets the stage for the angels’ announcement of the resurrection.

  • II Corinthians 4:8
    We are pressed on every side, yet not crushed; perplexed, yet not to despair;

    Paul uses this word to describe a spiritual resilience where believers face intense pressure but refuse to give up hope despite their confusion.

  • John 13:22
    The disciples looked at one another, perplexed about whom he spoke.

    The disciples’ mutual perplexity highlights how even close followers of Jesus can struggle to understand His intentions in the moment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the Greek word aporeō mean?

Aporeō means to be perplexed or at a loss. It literally suggests having no way out or resources left. In the New Testament, it describes a state of deep confusion or hesitation when facing difficult situations.

How is aporeō different from simple surprise?

Surprise is an immediate reaction to something unexpected. Aporeō implies a deeper struggle where one lacks the knowledge or means to resolve a situation. It involves a sense of being stuck rather than just startled.

Where does this word appear in the Bible?

It appears six times in the New Testament. Notable examples include Herod’s reaction to John the Baptist (Mark 6:20), the disciples’ confusion about Jesus’ words (John 13:22), and Paul’s description of Christian resilience (II Corinthians 4:8).

Every Occurrence (6 verses across 6 books)

Mark 1 verse
Luke 1 verse
John 1 verse
Acts 1 verse
II Corinthians 1 verse
Galatians 1 verse